An aqueduct is an artificial (man-made) channel that is constructed to convey water from one location to another. The word is derived from the Latin aqua, "water," and ducere, "to lead." Many aqueducts are raised above the landscape, resembling bridges rather than rivers. Sufficiently large aqueducts (water bridges) may also be usable by ships. They are similar to viaducts, but carry water instead of a road or railway. While a road bridge often carries the roadway at a more elevated level than the rest of the road, such a variation of height is not possible for an aqueduct.

Ancient aqueducts

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Although famously associated with the Ancient Romans, aqueducts were devised centuries earlier in the Middle East, where peoples such as the Babylonians and Egyptians built sophisticated irrigation systems. Roman-style aqueducts were used as early as the 7th century BC, when the Assyrians built a limestone aqueduct 30 feet (10 m) high and 900 feet (300 m) long to carry water across a valley to their capital city, Nineveh. The full length of the aqueduct ran for 50 miles (80 km).

In the new world, the Aztec capital of Tenochtitlán was watered by two aqueducts in the middle of the second millennium.

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