The Ansari X Prize (formerly the X Prize) was a States dollar|US$" target="_blank" >*10,000,000 prize, offered by the X PRIZE Foundation, for the first non-government organization to launch a reusable manned spacecraft into space twice within two weeks. It was modelled after early 20th-century aviation prizes, and aimed to spur development of low-cost spaceflight. The prize was won on October 4 2004, 47th anniversary of the Sputnik 1 launch, by the Tier One project using the experimental spaceplane SpaceShipOne.
The two competitive flights were required to be made by the same vehicle. With the exception of propellant, no more than 10% of the vehicle could be replaced between flights; the rest of the vehicle must be reused. Even NASA's Space Shuttle falls short of this performance requirement, since it takes much more than two weeks to ready a given shuttle between flights. However, the space shuttle is an orbital, rather than sub-orbital spacecraft. The vehicle must be intact and theoretically reusable after the second flight, and the crew must return unharmed.
More on [ Ansari X Prize ]

SpaceShipOne - Features overview of the x-prize entry of the company Scaled Composites. First winner of the prize with photos from the event.
X Prize Foundation - Provides comprehensive updated facts on prize rules, activities, photos, merchandising and educational support of an association offering ten million US dollars to the builders of the first private space passenger craft.
Technology - Offers overview of the Astroliner project, entered in the x-prize competition.
Armadillo Aerospace - Provides project information on a hydrogen peroxide rocket design project, intended to claim the x-prize.
Bristol Spaceplanes - Developers of the Ascender spaceplane and host of its support club. Provides news, project overview and membership informations.
Meta Description: [ Bristol Spaceplanes is the developer of the Ascender spaceplane demonstator and the Spacecab/Spacebus passenger spaceplanes. ]
Crusader X - Offers fact sheets of the x-prize entry of the company Micro-Space.
Orizont - Provides project overview and photos of the Orizont launch system by ARCA, an association in Romania contending the x-prize.
Pioneer Rocketplane - Offers descriptive sheets of the company's entry for the x-prize called 'XP'.
Meta Description: [ Rocketplane, Inc. is committed to making space, space access, and all space-related events, convenient, and affordable. ]
Solaris X - Offers brief project description of an x-prize contender.
Space Van 2008 - Offers description of the prize contender's project.
Starchaser Industries - Provides news, history and mechandising by a company in UK designing 'Thunderbird' a rocket intended to claim the x-prize.
Meta Description: [ Space Tourism & Commercial Space Access ]
TGV-Rockets - Features description and news of the Michelle-B design, entered in the x-prize competition.
The Canadian Arrow Spacecraft - The Canadian Arrow is a 3 man reusable, sub-orbital spacecraft being designed and built for the X-Prize.
Meta Description: [ Canadian Arrow: making SPACE for you. ]
The Cosmos Mariner - Offers overview of the x-prize project by a company called Lonestar Space Access.
The da Vinci Project - Contains project overview, news and sponsor information for an X-prize contender association of Canadian engineers.
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