Semiotics, or semiology, is the study of signs, both individually and grouped in sign systems. It includes the study of how meaning is made and understood. Semioticians also sometimes examine how organisms, no matter how big or small, make predictions about and adapt to their semiotic niche in the world (see Semiosis). Semiotics theorises at a general level about signs, while the study of the communication of information in living organisms is covered in biosemiotics.
The term, then spelt semeiotics (Greek: σημειοτικοσ, semeiotikos, an interpreter of signs), was first used in English by Henry Stubbes (1670, p. 75) in a very precise sense to denote the branch of medical science relating to the interpretation of signs. John Locke (1690) used the term semeiotics in Book 4, Chapter 21 of An Essay Concerning Human Understanding. Here he explains how science can be divided into three parts:
All that can fall within the compass of human understanding, being either, first, the nature of things, as they are in themselves, their relations, and their manner of operation: or, secondly, that which man himself ought to do, as a rational and voluntary agent, for the attainment of any end, especially happiness: or, thirdly, the ways and means whereby the knowledge of both the one and the other of these is attained and communicated; I think science may be divided properly into these three sorts. (Locke, 1823/1963, p. 174).
Locke then elaborates on the nature of this third category, naming it Σημειωτικη (Semeiotike) and explaining it as "the doctrine of signs" in the following terms:
Nor is there any thing to be relied upon in Physick, but an exact knowledge of medicinal phisiology (founded on observation, not principles), semeiotics, method of curing, and tried (not excogitated,That is, "thought out", "contrived", or "devised" (Oxford English Dictionary''). not commanding) medicines. (Locke, 1823/1963, 4.21.4, p. 175).More on [ Semiotics ]

About.com - Semiotics - Short description of semiotics. Includes information about the ideas of Ferdinand de Saussure and Charles Sanders Peirce.
Meta Description: [ Glossary of Religion and Philosophy - semiotics ]
Center for Semiotics - A research and educational unit of the University of Aarhus, Denmark. Site includes papers and publications, seminar calendars, and description of research in semiotics, cognition, and linguistics.
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Cognition and Semiotics - Cognition and Semiotics: Carlos Colón
Communication Science vs. Semiotics - Paper by Carlos Colón
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Creative Strategies and Critical Counter Culture - Guillem Ramos-Poquí, David Rodway, Richard Hands: Creative strategies and the critical counter-culture of the 90's.
Critiques of Semiotics - Paper by Scott Simpkins
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Cyberspace and Critical Theory - The Cyberarts Web. University Scholars Program, National University of Singapore.
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Department of Semiotics - Lund University, Sweden.
Department of Semiotics - University of Tartu, Estonia.
MCS: Semiotics - Daniel Chandler's Media and Communication Studies Site.
Multiple-Choice - Semiotics Quiz: Thomas Streeter
Narrative Psychology - Linguistics and Semiotics; Psychology of Language.
Semiotic Terms - Glossary by Cliff Joslyn
Semiotic theory - Rationalization of interpretation and communication under a comprehensive theory of the universe.
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Semiotics - Well-organised semiotics links assembled by Martin Ryder
Meta Description: [ A comprehensive hypertext index into
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Semiotics - Summary of the major areas of semiotics as outlined by Saussure, as well as criticisms and the relationship of semiology to structuralism. By Mick Underwood.
Meta Description: [ Cultsock: CCMS Infobase - semiotics ]
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Semiotics according to Robert Marty - Some personal research and links to texts.
Semiotics for Beginners - Comprehensive hypertext introduction to semiotics, by Daniel Chandler (University of Wales, Aberystwyth).
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serg - semiotic engineering research group - Semiotic Engineering Research Group, PUC-Rio.
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Sign-Signifier-Signified - Radio Programme Script and RealAudio versions, ABC Radio National/Open Learning Australia: Series Producer, Michael Dwyer
Sites of Significance for Semiotics - Sites of Significance for Semiotics.
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SLCC Online - Writing Center for Writing Students. Links to research information.
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SYMBOLS.com - Encyclopedia of Western signs and ideograms.
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What It All Means - A Science of Consciousness: the Semiotics of Mind, and the Elements of Personal Philosophy - Steven Zenith's work in semiotics.
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