Joseph Alois Schumpeter (February 8, 1883 – January 8, 1950) was an Austrian economist (though not an 'Austrian economist' in the sense of being a member of the Austrian School of economics) and a giant in the history of economic thought.
Summary
Born in
Třešť (then part of
Austria-Hungary, now in the
Czech Republic). He was always a brilliant student and praised by his teachers. He began his career studying Law at the
University of Vienna under the great
Austrian capital theorist
Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk, taking his
PhD in 1906. In 1909, after some study trips, he became a professor of economics and government at the
University of Czernowitz (a German-language university in Austria, now in
Ukraine), in 1911, at the
University of Graz, where he remained until
World War I. In 1919-1920, he served as the Austrian Minister of Finance, with some success, and in 1920-1924, as President of the private Biederman Bank. That bank collapsed in 1924 and left Schumpeter in bankruptcy. From 1925-1932, he held a chair at the
University of Bonn,
Germany. Having to leave central Europe because of the rise of the
Nazis, he moved to
Harvard (where he had already lectured in 1927-1928 and 1930), where he taught from
1932 to
1950. During his Harvard times, he wasn't generally considered to be a very good classroom teacher, but he acquired a school of loyal followers. His prestige among colleagues was likewise not very high, because his views seemed outdated and not in touch with then-fashionable
Keynesianism. This period as a Harvard professor was characterised by extreme hard work but also by little real recognition of his core ideas.
Although Schumpeter encouraged some young mathematical economists and was even the founding president of the Econometric Society (1933), Schumpeter was not a mathematician but rather an economist and tried instead to integrate sociological understanding into his economic theories. From current thought it has been argued that Schumpeter's ideas on business cycles and economic development could not be captured in the mathematics of his day - they need the language of non-linear dynamical systems to be partially formalized.
More on
[ Joseph Schumpeter ]
Liberalism :: Politics
Books about Schumpeter - Books on Schumpeter's life and thought, or in the Schumpeterian tradition.
Joseph A. Schumpeter, 1883-1950 - Short intellectual biography, list of major works, and links to other web resources on Schumpeter.
Schumpeter, J. A - Brief background, publications, and links.