__NOTOC__ Economic history is the study of economic change, and of economic phenomena in the past. Economic history is undertaken using both historical methods and the application of economic theory.

Practitioners and advocates of the first approach, which was for long dominant in the United Kingdom, generally regarded economic history as being either an independent discipline or a subfield of history. Practitioners of the second approach, which is more influential in the United States and rapidly extending worldwide, usually regard economic history as a subfield of economics. The term cliometrics (a reference to Clio, the Muse of history) is used to describe the application of econometric techniques to the study of economic history. In France, economic theory and demographics was early integrated into mainstream historiography due to the large inpact of the Annales School of history from the 1920s and onwards.

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UC Davis News: General Interest

UC Davis Experts: Sources on Food Shortages and Rising Food Prices
Thu, 08 May 2008 00:00:00 -0700
The United Nations recently warned that the world faces a global food shortage, brought on by high fuel costs, bad weather, an increasing allocation of farmland to biofuels rather than food crops, and rising demand from countries like China and India. The following UC Davis faculty members in the areas of agriculture, economics, engineering and transportation can discuss many of the issues related to this looming food crisis. For more information or for topics not listed here, contact Pat Bailey, News Service, (530) 752-9843, pjbailey@ucdavis.edu. Rice production systems Rice, biofuels and agricultural policies Improving global food availability Food and poverty in Mexico United Nations millennium report Crisis will spur innovation Sustainability via genetic engineering and organic farming Biomass in California's energy future Economics of transportation RICE PRODUCTION SYSTEMS -- Jim Hill, a UC Davis Cooperative Extension specialist, is an international authority on how rice crops are grown. His work focuses not only on increasing rice productivity but also on improving the environmental effects of rice-farming methods. For example, he and colleagues have conducted research and education programs that were instrumental in promoting irrigation systems designed to eliminate off-site flows of agricultural chemicals from rice fields. He recently spent three years at the International Rice Research Institute in the Philippines, coordinating irrigated-rice research and outreach efforts throughout Asia's rice-production areas. Contact: Jim Hill, Agronomy and Range Science, (530) 752-3458, jehill@ucdavis.edu. RICE, BIOFUELS AND AGRICULTURAL POLICIES -- Daniel Sumner, director of the UC Davis-based University of California Agricultural Issues Center, specializes in national and international agricultural policy. Sumner, the Frank H. Buck Jr. Professor of Agricultural and Resource Economics, can discuss international commodity markets and trade, rice economics, and biofuels policies. Contact: Daniel Sumner, Agricultural Issues Center, (530) 752-1668, dan@primal.ucdavis.edu. IMPROVING GLOBAL FOOD AVAILABILITY -- Montague (Tag) Demment is an agronomy professor and director of the UC Davis-based Global Livestock Collaborative Research Support Program. This global livestock program has done research that shows the value of animal-source foods for cognitive and physical development of children in developing countries. Ongoing research is directed at the role of animal-source foods in supplying the additional micronutrients and protein critical to the well-being of HIV/AIDS-infected mothers in Kenya. Demment also serves as associate vice president for international development for the National Association for Public Universities and Colleges, where he works on issues related to global food production. Contact: Montague (Tag) Demment, Plant Sciences, (530) 752-7757, mwdemment@ucdavis.edu. FOOD AND POVERTY IN MEXICO -- Agricultural and resource economics professor J. Edward Taylor studies migration and its impacts on Pacific Rim countries, specifically Mexico, Central America and Ecuador. He can discuss rising food prices and their impact on Mexico, as well as the reasons behind a transfer of rural poverty from Mexico into the U.S. His recent research has explored the draw of Mexican immigrants into California, where they have created pockets of poverty throughout the Central Valley. Taylor also is an expert on salary remittances as economic multipliers, how immigration promotes survival in native villages and other economic issues triggered by immigration. Contact: Ed Taylor, Agricultural and Resource Economics, (530) 752-0213, taylor@primal.ucdavis.edu. UNITED NATIONS MILLENNIUM REPORT -- UC Davis economist Wing Thye Woo, one of the world's leading experts on Asian economies, is the Asian economies adviser to the United Nations Millennium Development Reports, released in early 2005, about a plan to improve the living conditions for the world's poor. He has particularly deep knowledge of economic development in China, Indonesia, Malaysia and Taiwan. He was special adviser to U.S. Treasury Secretary Robert Rubin in 1997-1998. Contact: Wing Thye Woo, Economics, (530) 752-3035, wtwoo@ucdavis.edu. CRISIS WILL SPUR INNOVATION -- Colin Carter, a professor of agricultural and resource economics and an authority on international trade, predicts that technological innovation and the adoption of improved techniques in agriculture will offset the 2008 food crisis. While American and European ethanol subsidies are wrong-headed and injurious to consumers at large, Carter argues that the artificial food crisis that these subsidies have spawned will spur innovation, including greater use of gene-splicing for the development of improved plant varieties. That, in turn, will boost farm incomes in developing countries and moderate the price of food worldwide. Contact: Colin Carter, (530) 752-6054, colin@primal.ucdavis.edu. SUSTAINABILITY VIA GENETIC ENGINEERING AND ORGANIC FARMING -- Pamela Ronald and Raoul Adamchak are co-authors of "Tomorrow's Table: Organic Farming, Genetics and the Future of Food," published in April 2008 by Oxford University Press. Together, they are exploring the juncture where genetic engineering and organic farming can meet to ensure environmentally sustainable food production. Ronald is a professor in UC Davis' Department of Plant Pathology. Her laboratory has genetically engineered rice for resistance to diseases and flooding. Her work has been published in Science, Nature and other scientific periodicals and has been featured in the New York Times, Wall Street Journal, Le Monde and on National Public Radio. She is an elected fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. She also writes a blog at http://pamelaronald.blogspot.com/. Adamchak has grown organic crops for 20 years, part of that time as a partner in Full Belly Farm, a private 150-acre organic vegetable farm. He has inspected more than 100 organic farms as an inspector for California Certified Organic Farmers (CCOF) and served as a member and president of that group's board of directors. He is now coordinator of the Market Garden at UC Davis' Student Farm. Contacts: Pam Ronald, Plant Pathology, (530) 753-8003, pcronald@ucdavis.edu; Raoul Adamchak, Plant Sciences, (530) 752-7655, rwadamchak@ucdavis.edu. BIOMASS IN CALIFORNIA'S ENERGY FUTURE -- The UC Davis Energy Institute brings together campus faculty and other investigators on critical energy issues in California. Affiliated with the institute are a number of research centers and groups, including the Bioenergy Research Group. UC Davis also administers the state's California Biomass Collaborative, charged with identifying approaches for the sustainable management and development of biomass resources, and has prepared a development roadmap to guide state and industry actions. Energy Institute Director Bryan Jenkins, a professor of biological and agricultural engineering and past executive director of the California Biomass Collaborative, can discuss what biomass is (such as forest trimmings, rice straw, tree prunings, animal manures and urban waste). He also can talk about how biomass can be used to produce renewable fuels (ethanol, methanol, hydrogen, biodiesel, syngas, synfuels and biomethane) and basic materials for products (plastics, solvents, inks and construction materials), and how it can be sustainably employed to help meet state goals. Other UC Davis biomass experts include Steve Kaffka, a Cooperative Extension plant scientist and incoming executive director of the California Biomass Collaborative, and David Neale, a professor of plant sciences and co-chair of the Bioenergy Research Group. Kaffka can discuss agricultural sustainability and its extension to the production of bioenergy crops, and Neale can discuss plant biotechnology and new approaches to biomass production. Contacts: Bryan Jenkins, Biological and Agricultural Engineering, (530) 752-1422, bmjenkins@ucdavis.edu; Steve Kaffka, Plant Sciences, (530) 752-8108, srkaffka@ucdavis.edu; and David Neale, Plant Sciences, (530) 754-8431, dbneale@ucdavis.edu. ECONOMICS OF TRANSPORTATION -- UC Davis economist Christopher Knittel can talk about transportation economics, especially how the various markets relate to transportation function. A specialist in the economics of industrial organization, Knittel teaches about the various transportation industries: automobile, airline and oil. He also can explain the dynamics between demand for various autos and government regulation of the industry, and how consumers make decisions on cars with better mileage when gasoline prices skyrocket. Contact: Christopher Knittel, Economics, (530) 752-3344, crknittel@ucdavis.edu.
Proclamation, Event Honor Law Enforcement Officers
Wed, 07 May 2008 00:00:00 -0700
UC Davis will "acknowledge the heroic men and women who have dedicated their lives to safeguarding public safety" on Friday, May 9, with the proclamation of Law Enforcement Officers' Memorial Day and a small ceremony. Law Enforcement Officers' Memorial Day is held in conjunction with National Police Week, which recognizes the hazardous work, responsibilities and commitment of peace officers. The day commemorates those officers who have sacrificed their lives in the line of duty. "These special observances provide an opportunity for the community to acknowledge the heroic men and women who have dedicated their lives to safeguarding public safety," Chancellor Larry Vanderhoef said in the proclamation. Vanderhoef encouraged "all citizens to remember those law enforcement officers everywhere who gave their lives for the safety of their communities and those current officers who continue to dedicate themselves to making UC Davis a safer place to work, teach, learn, engage in research and provide patient care." The ceremony, to be held at 10 a.m. by the flagpole in front of the Fire/Police Building on the Davis campus, will include: the presentation of colors by the ROTC Color Guard at UC Davis; reading of the proclamation by Stan Nosek, vice chancellor for the Office of Administration; reading of the roll call/end of watch by Lt. Nader Oweis of the UC Davis Police Department; and rendering honor/Taps by the UC Band Bugler and UC Davis ROTC No UC Davis police officer has died in the line of duty, said Capt. Joyce Souza.
Making History in Solano County
Tue, 06 May 2008 00:00:00 -0700
The History Project at UC Davis and the Solano County Office of Education have received $1 million from the U.S. Department of Education to improve history instruction in Solano County public schools, where only one in three students performed at or above the "proficient" level in U.S. history on the 2007 California Standards Test. The three-year grant will enroll about 50 U.S. history teachers countywide in an "American History Academy" developed and administered by the UC Davis History Project and taught by historians at UC Davis and Solano Community College. Participating teachers will spend two years exploring America's past and strengthening their teaching skills with guidance from such faculty as UC Davis history professor Alan Taylor, winner of the 1996 Pulitzer Prize in History. "The surest predictor of student achievement in history is a teacher's knowledge," said Ari Kelman, an associate professor of history at UC Davis and the project's principal investigator. "The ultimate goal of the History Project is to grow a corps of teacher-leaders capable of training their colleagues and disseminating their materials and experience to the broader teaching community in their districts, counties and beyond." The American History Academy will serve 8th- and 11th-grade teachers who are responsible for teaching U.S. history to some 15,000 students in 15 middle schools and 16 high schools in six Solano County school districts: the Benicia Unified School District, Dixon Unified School District, Fairfield-Suisun Unified School District, Travis Unified School District, Vacaville Unified School District and Vallejo City Unified School District. Enrollment priority will be given to teachers from the county's lowest-performing schools. Three Solano County school districts -- the Vacaville, Fairfield-Suisun and Vallejo City unified districts -- have been identified as "program improvement" districts under provisions of the No Child Left Behind Act. Such schools are overseen by an outside organization and must meet targeted goals for improvement. The academy begins this August for 8th-grade teachers and next summer for 11th-grade teachers. Participants will attend seminars on the Solano Community College campus during the school year, take part in two-week institutes on the UC Davis campus in the summers and participate in historical book groups and online scholarly activities year-round. Teaching history to English learners will be a special focus of the academy. Only 7 percent of English learners in Solano County overall -- and only 3 percent in Vallejo -- tested proficient in history in 2007. The academy's success will be assessed at project's end by the UC Davis School of Education's Cooperative Research and Extension Services for Schools. Established in 1991, the UC Davis History Project has been the lead partner on five similar grants with school districts in the Sacramento region: the Grant Joint Union School District, Sacramento City Unified School District, San Juan Unified School District, the Folsom-Cordova and Center Unified School Districts Consortium, and the Yolo County Office of Education. The UC Davis History Project is a part of the California History-Social Science Project, which is one of eight California Subject Matter Projects supported by the state of California and the UC Office of the President. Launched in 1990, the goal of the statewide organization is to provide professional development for history and social science teachers at all grade levels statewide.

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