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A journal (through French from late Latin diurnalis, daily) has several related meanings:
- a daily record of events or business; a private journal is usually referred to as a diary.
- a newspaper or other periodical, in the literal sense of one published each day;
- however, some publications issued at stated intervals, such as a magazine or the record of the transactions of society such as a scientific journal or academic journals in general, are called a journal. Journal, then, is sometimes used as a synonym for "magazine".
The word "journalist" for one whose business is writing for the public press has been in use since the end of the 17th century.
"Journal" is also applied to the record, day by day, of the business and proceedings of a public body:
- The journals of the British Houses of Parliament contain an official record of the business transacted day by day in either house. The record does not take note of speeches, though some of the earlier volumes contain references to them. The journals are a lengthened account written from the "Votes and Proceedings" (in the House of Lords called "Minutes of Proceedings"), made day by day by the Clerks at the Table, and printed on the responsibility of the Clerk of the House. In the Commons the Votes and Proceedings, but not the Journal, bear the Speaker's signature in fulfilment of a former order that he should "peruse" them before publication. The journals of the British House of Commons begin in the first year of the reign of Edward VI in 1547, and are complete, except for a short interval under Elizabeth I. Those of the House of Lords date from the first year of Henry VIII in 1509. Before that date the proceedings in parliament were entered in the rolls of parliament, which extend from 1278 to 1503. The journals of the Lords are "records" in the judicial sense, those of the Commons are not (see Erskine May, Parliamentary Practice, 1906, pp. 201-202).
- Section 5 of Article I of the United States Constitution requires the Congress of the United States to keep a journal of its proceedings. This journal, the Congressional Record is published by the Government Printing Office.
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Predators could be superweed fix
Mon, 13 Oct 2008 04:48:21 -0000
A plant-eating predator from Japan could be used to control a superweed spreading throughout the UK, scientists believe.
World 'to fail' on nature target
Mon, 13 Oct 2008 04:35:02 -0000
The world's governments will fail to meet their agreed target of curbing biodiversity loss by 2010, conservationists tell the BBC.
US tourist set for space station
Sun, 12 Oct 2008 07:19:17 -0000
US space tourist Richard Garriott follows in the footsteps of his astronaut father as he blasts off into space.
L.A. Times - Science
U.S. game designer blasts into space on the landmark 100th manned Soyuz flight
Mon, 13 Oct 2008 00:00:00 -0700
An American computer game designer reached space today, fulfilling a long-deferred childhood dream that began with the flight of his astronaut father.
California takes steps to probe nurses' criminal backgrounds
Sat, 11 Oct 2008 00:00:00 -0700
Regulatory board will immediately begin asking nurses about any convictions when they seek license renewals. The agency will also work to expand fingerprinting. California regulators have announced emergency measures to investigate the criminal backgrounds of all registered nurses in the state, days after The Times reported that dozens of nurses had kept their licenses for years despite multiple convictions.
Fans may prevent SIDS
Sat, 11 Oct 2008 00:00:00 -0700
Using a fan to circulate air seemed to lower the risk of sudden infant death syndrome in a study of nearly 500 babies, researchers reported Monday.
Reuters: Science News
Hippie apes make war as well as love, study finds
Mon, 13 Oct 2008 13:35:30 -0400
LONDON (Reuters) - Despite their reputation as lovers not fighters of the primate world, bonobos actually hunt and eat other great apes, German researchers said Monday.
AIDS vaccine focus shifts after disappointments
Mon, 13 Oct 2008 09:31:59 -0400
WASHINGTON (Reuters) - A global AIDS vaccine conference this week will seek fresh strategies against the HIV virus, with experts weighing the value of basic laboratory research against large-scale human clinical trials after a string of disappointments.
U.S. space tourist blasts off in Russian rocket
Mon, 13 Oct 2008 10:55:25 -0400
BAIKONUR, Kazakhstan (Reuters) - U.S. video game magnate Richard Garriott blasted off into space aboard a Russian rocket on Sunday watched by his father, a NASA astronaut who went into space at the height of the Cold War.
AP Top Science News At 2:06 p.m. EDT
Efforts on global warming chilled by economic woes
By DINA CAPPIELLO Sun, 12 Oct 2008 14:22:41 -0000
WASHINGTON (AP) -- The economic free fall gripping the nation may bring down one of the main environmental objectives: capping the greenhouse gases that are blamed for global warming....
US game designer blasts into space with DNA cargo
By PETER LEONARD Sun, 12 Oct 2008 16:08:50 -0000
BAIKONUR, Kazakhstan (AP) -- An American computer game designer reached space Sunday, fulfilling a long-deferred childhood dream that began with the flight of his astronaut father....
NASA presses ahead for Mars rover launch in 2009
By ALICIA CHANG Fri, 10 Oct 2008 21:54:49 -0000
LOS ANGELES (AP) -- NASA said Friday it will press ahead with plans to launch a supersized rover to Mars next year despite spiraling costs and schedule pressures....
NOVA scienceNOW | PBS
NOVA scienceNOW: Phoenix Mars Lander
NOVA
NASA's latest robot has already found frozen water and is looking for more signs that the Red Planet could support life.
NOVA scienceNOW: Brain Trauma
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Even so-called "mild" head injuries turn out to be anything but.
NOVA scienceNOW: Mammoth Mystery
NOVA
A pair of mammoth skeletons is found locked together by their tusks. What happened?
Newsweek Technology Headlines
Facebook’s Roar Becomes a Meow
Fri, 10 Oct 2008 12:00:00 -0000
Putting ads in front of Facebook users is like hanging out at a party and interrupting conversations to hawk merchandise.
Blogging Like The World Depended On It
Wed, 08 Oct 2008 00:00:00 -0000
Transforming social networking into social change.
It’s Getting Crowded in Here
Fri, 12 Sep 2008 00:00:00 -0000
Online communities of curious amateurs represent the future of business, says a new book.
Innovation
New estimates on global warming
The global climate could warm by 2.5 degrees F. by the end of the century, even if countries undertake stringent efforts to curb greenhouse-gas emissions, according to a new study from a team of climate scientists in the United States, China, Japan, and five European nations. This figure is more than ...
Horizon highlights: Rethinking the basics
Our regular roundup of sci-tech stories from across the Web includes: Professor Pogue teaches some tech basics, five Web 2.0 services that are actually worth your time, and could special lightbulbs replace Wi-Fi hubs? Let’s kick it off: Showdown: BlackBerry Storm vs. iPhone 3G "After teasing us with videos and a vague ...
Why people like cars with ‘angry faces’
One of the coolest aspects of the fabric-covered BMW GINA concept car is a little subconscious. I'm sure I was not the only person who felt, at first sight, as though the car were glaring at me. The sharp hood resembles an angry robot staring you down with its icy ...
Science News - UPI.com
Blood replication proteins are identified
Mon, 13 Oct 2008 15:15:59 -0400
STANFORD, Calif., Oct. 13 (UPI) -- U.S. medical scientists say they have identified a family of cancer-fighting molecules that help blood stem cells in mice decide when and how to divide.
New, powerful pain control method studied
Mon, 13 Oct 2008 15:14:31 -0400
CHAPEL HILL, N.C., Oct. 13 (UPI) -- U.S. and Finnish scientists say they've identified a therapeutic target for pain control that's eight times more effective in suppressing pain than morphine.
3-D mobile device displays being developed
Mon, 13 Oct 2008 14:55:43 -0400
OFFENBURG, Germany, Oct. 13 (UPI) -- German scientists say 3-D virtual reality simulations and animations on mobile devices such as cell phones might soon become routine.
Technology Review - Published by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (july 1995-present), provides full-text access to its papers.
Meta Description: [ Science and Technology Review, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, October 2007 ]
Astrophysics Data System Scanned Articles Service - Includes the full text of 31 major astronomy and astrophysics journals.
BeamLine - A quarterly periodical of particle physics, published by the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (fall 1994-spring 2002).
Behavioral and Brain Sciences - BBS is the leading cognitive science journal. This site gives free access to most of the major (target) articles published since 1993, plus some earlier ones and some still to appear in print.
Bepress - A publisher of free online scholarly journals. Copyright is left in the hands of authors. The archiving software is compatible with eprints software, and hence makes it possible to integrate a scholarly journal with an OAI-compliant archive.
Bioline International - A non-profit publisher of free and affordable online biomedical journals containing research from developing countries such as Brazil, Cuba, India, Indonesia, Kenya, South Africa, Uganda, and Zimbabwe.
BioMed Central - Online publisher of free peer-reviewed scientific articles in all areas of medical research and biology. Although it is a for-profit publisher, it provides free online access to all its research articles. Starting in 2002, authors will be charged processing fees, although these will be waived for authors from developing countries and in some other circumstances. Authors always retain the copyright to their articles.
Brain - A journal of neurology. Free access to already published articles.
Caltech Undergraduate Research Journal (CURJ) - Publication of the California Institute of Technology (CALTECH) for undergraduates audiences. Includes archive and publishing information.
Cerebral Cortex - Full-text peer-reviewed articles in neuroscience.
CERN Courier - International journal of high-energy physics, published by the Institute of Physics (october 1998-present).
Meta Description: [ TBA ]
Columbia Science Review - Publication of Columbia University by students addressing contemporary scientific and academic research.
Directory of Open Access Journals - Categorized, searchable links to free, full text, quality controlled scientific and scholarly journals.
Electronic Journal of Human Sexuality - Peer reviewed articles on all aspects of human sexual relations, by the Institute for Advanced Study of Human Sexuality, San Francisco.
Meta Description: [ An Electronic Journal of Human Sexuality published by the Institute for Advanced Study
of Human Sexuality., An electronic journal of Human Sexuality published by the Institute for Advanced Study
of Human Sexuality. ]
Electronic Journals - Virginia Tech - A collection of free access e-journals hosted by the Virginia Tech Digital Library.
FDA Consumer Magazine - The official magazine of the United States Food and Drug Administration (december 1989-present).
Meta Description: [ FDA Consumer magazine offers you a wealth of new and in-depth information on how to get healthy and stay healthy. ]
500
First Monday - Peer-reviewed journal about the Internet and the Global Information Infrastructure (monthly and via e-mail).
Free Medical Journals - Lists a large number of medical journals that currently provide free full-text access on the web.
Meta Description: [ The Free Medical Journals Site is dedicated to the promotion of free access to medical journals over the Internet. ]
HHMI Bulletin - Quarterly magazine highlighting advances in biomedical research and science education.
Journalserver.org - Oxford-based international freeware digital library of scholarly journals. Hosts freely accessible full-text journals and promotes the free access campaign with the strategic collaboration of leading universities across the world.
Meta Description: [ Journal Server ]
Nature and Science - International academic journal on natural and social sciences. Includes publications, papers, database and templates.
NewsDigest On-line - on-line e-zine for current science technology.
Pacific Journal of Science and Technology (PJST) - Academic journal of interdisciplinary scientific research, theories and observations published by the Akamai University, USA.
Psycoloquy - One of the first peer-reviewed scientific journals. Continuously online and open-access since 1990. Sponsored by the American Psychological Association. Also provides open peer commentary on accepted, peer-reviewed target articles.
Public Library of Science (PLoS) - Non-profit organization of scientists committed to making the world's scientific and medical literature freely accessible to scientists and to the public around the world. Promotion of free access online journals. Includes online eprints and archives.
SciELO - Provides free access to scientific journal articles from Brazil, Chile, Cuba, and Spain.
Science Publications - Independent e-publisher covering a broad range of scientific fields. Includes online journals and special issues.
Stochastic Programming Eprint Series - Refereed electronic journal with recent results in the SP area. Available issues since 1999.
The Dawson Research Journal of Experimental Science - A publication of experimental research conducted by the science students of Dawson College, Montreal, Canada. All past issues available online.
The Industrial Geographer - A peer reviewed electronic journal focused on industrial geography.
The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Online (U.S.) - PNAS. Beginning January 2002, PNAS research articles and papers published online before print in PNAS Early Edition are available only to paid subscribers for six months. All articles from 1990 through 2001 remain freely available.
Meta Description: [ Web site for Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. ]
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