Gourt > Science > Physics > Relativity > Topological Defects
Defect can refer to:
- in biology, the failure of an organism to develop properly (see congenital disorder).
- in manufacturing, the failure of a product to conform to specification.
- in materials science, a crystallographic defect is a structural imperfection in a crystal.
- in software engineering, the non-conformance of software to its requirements. A bug, defect, error, are all examples of failures.
- to abandon allegiance to one's country and go to another.
- in geometry, the amount by which the sum of the angles at a vertex of a polyhedron falls short of a complete circle. If the sum of the angles exceeds a full circle, then the defect is negative. See defect (geometry).
- a crystallographic defect is a site where a crystal lattice is imperfectly formed.
- in politics and/or a military context, the verb to defect refers to switching sides (see defector).
Cosmic Strings - A review by M.B. Hindmarsh and T.W.B. Kibble of the physics which predicts the properties of cosmic strings and topological defects.
Cosmic Strings and other Defects - A series of articles on topological defects in the universe
Formation, Interaction and Observation of Topological Defects - A survey of defect distributions in first-order phase transitions, by Tanmay Vachaspati.
Topological Defects - A site with links to papers and workshops on topological defects in cosmology
Topological Defects - This is an introductory set of lecture notes on topological defects, given to an audience with interests ranging from astronomy to particle physics.
Topological Defects and Cosmology - A review of the effects of defects in cosmology, by Robert H. Brandenberger.
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Topological Defects in Cosmology - A review by Ajit M. Srivastava of various topological defects in particle theoryu models of the early universe (in PDF format).
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