A synchrotron is a particular type of cyclic particle accelerator in which the magnetic field (to turn the particles so they circulate) and the electric field (to accelerate the particles) are carefully synchronized with the travelling particle beam. They were developed to study high-energy particle physics.
While a cyclotron uses a constant magnetic field and a constant-frequency applied electric field, and one of these is varied in the synchrocyclotron, both of these are varied in the synchrotron. By increasing these parameters appropriately as the particles gain energy, their path can be held constant as they are accelerated. This allows the vacuum container for the particles to be a large thin torus (commonly described as a "doughnut shape"). In reality it is easier to use some straight sections and some bent sections giving the "doughnut shape" the shape of a rounded cornered polygon. A path of large effective radius may thus be constructed using simple straight and curved pipe segments, unlike the disc-shaped chamber of the cyclotron type devices. The shape also allows and requires the use of multiple magnets to bend the particle beam.
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Laboratories :: Crystallography

Synchrotron Light Sources of the World - Hyperlinked list maintained by The Advanced Light Source (ALS), a division of Berkeley Lab.
The Synchrotron Radiation WWW Database - A full list of synchrotron facilities, maintained at the Daresbury Laboratory.
Advanced Light Source (ALS) - Includes information about the organization, related news, a newsletter, user guide and current operational status information.
Meta Description: [ The Advanced Light Source is a third-generation synchrotron light source, one of the world's brightest sources of ultraviolet and soft x-ray beams ]
Canadian Light Source - A 3rd generation synchrotron in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
Meta Description: [ The Canadian Light Source synchrotron, at the University of Saskatchewan - a unique national research facility that will light the way to a new era of science and innovation. With applications in life, materials and environmental sciences, this facility is the first of its kind in Canada. ]
Chicago IL: Argonne Advanced Photon Source (APS) - operated by The University of Chicago under contract with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)
China: Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility - An abstract containing information on the technical specifications of these facilities.
Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source - Includes an introduction to the facility and basic experimental design information, information for users and research activity reports, and system operational status.
Daresbury Synchrotron Radiation Source - Includes information on ways to obtain access, related news, regulations, operational status and brief descriptions of its research and support groups.
Meta Description: [ Information about SRS, Daresbury Laboratory ]
DARTS - Analytical research targeted solutions at Daresbury, Cheshire.
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DELTA, Uni Dortmund - DELTA 1.5 GeV electron accelerator facility at the University of Dortmund, Germany.
Meta Description: [ Dortmund Electron Test Accelerator, English Home Page ]
Dubna ELectron SYnchrotron,JINR,Russia - DELSY project is third-generation synchrotron radiation (SR) source
European Synchrotron Radiation Facility - Includes an introduction of this facility and the scientific applications thereof, publications, and a user guide.
Meta Description: [ European Synchrotron Radiation Facility - An advanced synchrotron X-ray source serving basic and applied research in physics, chemistry, materials and life sciences ]
Germany, Berlin: Berliner Elektronenspeicherring-Gesellschaft für Synchrotronstrahlung m.b.H. (BESSY) - Describes the accelerator, experiments, news, and researchers and administrators.
Meta Description: [ Bessy, Eingangsseite/mainpage ]
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Germany, Hamburg: Hamburger Synchrotronstrahlungslabor HASYLAB - at DESY
Meta Description: [ Homepage of the Hamburger Synchrotronstrahlungslabor HASYLAB at Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Member of the Helmholtz Association, in Hamburg (Germany). HASYLAB is a research center for science with photons. ]
ISA - ISA is a Danish National Laboratory where research is carried out in Physics, Chemistry, Materials Science and Biology using accelerators and storage rings.
Japan, Harima Science Park City, SPring-8 - Japanese 3rd generation synchrotron radiation facility
Meta Description: [ è–âÓï&Mac182; ]
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Laboratoire pour Utilisation du Rayonnement Electromagnetique (LURE) - Includes introductory information about this facility in France, staff lists, research proposal and visit information.
Louisiana State University: Center for Advanced Microstructures and Devices - Includes technical information on the beamlines, beam schedules, events, downloadable forms, a user guide to the microfabrication facility, and newsletters.
Lyncean Technologies, Inc. - Lyncean Technologies, Inc. is developing a compact light source for high resolution synchrotron imaging.
MAX-lab, Lund University, Sweden - MAX-lab National Research Laboratory for Nuclear Physics and Synchrotron Radiation Research.
Meta Description: [ MAX-lab National Laboratory for Synchrotron Radiation in Sweden. ]
MicroWorlds - An interactive educational tour of current research at Berkeley Lab's Advanced Light Source.
National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center - The NSRRC Taiwan, is the first third-generation synchrotron facility built in Asia with world-class facility and state-of-the-art research capabilities in the vacuum-ultraviolet and both hard and soft X-ray energy regions.
PF photon factory - Japane Synchrotron research centre.
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Ritsumeikan University SR Center - Ritsumeikan University SR Center, Japan.
SPring-8 English Homepage - SPring-8 is the world's largest third-generation synchrotron radiation facility.
Meta Description: [ SPring-8 is a third-generation synchrotron radiation facility, and provides the most powerful synchrotron radiation currently available. SPring-8 is being widely opened for domestic and foreign researchers to strengthen advanced research in fundamental science and industrial applications and so f... ]
Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory - Includes descriptions of research being undertaken, technical parameters and a user guide, and administrative information.
Meta Description: [ Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory - synchrotron radiation X-ray source used in material and environmental science, macromolecular crystallography, and physics. ]
Switzerland, Villigen: Swiss Light Source (SLS) - at Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI)
Synchrotron Light Source ANKA - Synchrotron light facility the ANKA
Synchrotron Radiation Center - Part of the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Includes information on its background, related news, a user guide, operational parameters and a list of related publications.
Trieste Italy: Elettra Synchrotron Light Source - Facility information. Includes virtual tour, guides, events and scientific highlights.
USA, Upton, NY: National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS) - at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL)
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