In physics, a quantum (plural: quanta) refers to an indivisible and perhaps elementary entity. For instance, a "light quantum", being a unit of light (that is, a photon). In combinations like "quantum mechanics", "quantum optics", etc., it distinguishes a more specialized field of study.
The word comes from the Latin "quantus", for "how much".
Behind this, one finds the fundamental notion that a physical property may be "quantized", referred to as "quantization". This means that the magnitude can take on only certain numerical values, rather than any value, at least within a range. For example, the energy of an electron bound to an atom (at rest) is quantized. This accounts for the stability of atoms, and matter in general.
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Dedekind Zeta Functions and Quantum Statistical Mechanics - A paper by Paula Cohen showing a surprising relationship between the Dedekind zeta function of a number field and a C*-dynamical system. PostScript.
Derivation of Fermi-Dirac Statistics - Provides a brief technical explanation and a derivation.
Meta Description: [ Derivation of Fermi-Dirac Statistics ]
Georgia Tech University: 6107 Statistical Mechanics I - Includes information on course policies, book recommendations, lecture notes and assignments, with solutions.
Principles of Quantum Statistical Mechanics - A set of HTML lecture notes by Mark Tuckerman deducing the principles involving the use of the density operator.
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Quantum Statistical Mechanics - A set of lectures on Fermi-Dirac, Bose-Einstein, and Photon distributions in quantum mechanics.
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