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Computer software (or simply software) is the programs and procedures that enable a computer to perform a specific task, as opposed to the physical components of the system (hardware). This includes application software such as a word processor, which enables a user to perform a task, and system software such as an operating system, which enables other software to run properly, by interfacing with hardware and with other software.
The term "software" was first used in this sense by John W. Tukey in 1957. In computer science and software engineering, computer software is all information processed by computer systems, programs and data. The concept of reading different sequences of instructions into the memory of a device to control computations was invented by Charles Babbage as part of his difference engine. The theory that is the basis for most modern software was first proposed by Alan Turing in his 1935 essay Computable numbers with an application to the Entscheidungsproblem. Hally, Mike (2005:79). Electronic brains/Stories from the dawn of the computer age. British Broadcasting Corporation and Granta Books, London. ISBN 1-86-207663-4.
Relationship to hardware
Computer software is so called in contrast to computer hardware, which encompasses the physical interconnections and devices required to store and execute (or run) the software. In computers, software is loaded into RAM and executed in the central processing unit. At the lowest level, software consists of a machine language specific to an individual processor. A machine language consists of groups of binary values signifying processor instructions (object code), which change the state of the computer from its preceding state. Software is an ordered sequence of instructions for changing the state of the computer hardware in a particular sequence. It is generally written in high-level programming languages that are easier and more efficient for humans to use (closer to natural language) than machine language. High-level languages are compiled or interpreted into machine language object code. Software may also be written in an assembly language, essentially, a mnemonic representation of a machine language using a natural language alphabet. Assembly language must be assembled into object code via an assembler. More on [ Computer software ]
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easymember (Gunnar Berglund) Wed, 06 Jan 2010 04:20:38 -0000
Is there software to make a site to pay other people by clicking ads?http://bit.ly/2ahiND
@tywhite IMO real software is more akin to assembling massive lego sculptures. The art is choosing the bricks.
kriswehner (kris wehner) Wed, 06 Jan 2010 04:20:38 -0000
@tywhite IMO real software is more akin to assembling massive lego sculptures. The art is choosing the bricks.
#sixwordstories #computerlove My hardware, external; her software internal...
MOSESMUZEK (MOSES ) Wed, 06 Jan 2010 04:20:32 -0000
#sixwordstories #computerlove My hardware, external; her software internal...
Techie Stuff: Software maker sues China on piracy accusation (AP) : AP - A U.S. software maker s.. http://bit.ly/6sjfYO
mymogulmedia (My Mogul Mediaâ¢) Wed, 06 Jan 2010 04:20:22 -0000
Techie Stuff: Software maker sues China on piracy accusation (AP) : AP - A U.S. software maker s.. http://bit.ly/6sjfYO
Techie Stuff: US software firm sues China for 2.2 billion dollars (AFP) : AFP - A California fir.. http://bit.ly/5DTPeJ
mymogulmedia (My Mogul Mediaâ¢) Wed, 06 Jan 2010 04:20:20 -0000
Techie Stuff: US software firm sues China for 2.2 billion dollars (AFP) : AFP - A California fir.. http://bit.ly/5DTPeJ
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eBuyerPro (Mikrofax eProcure) Wed, 06 Jan 2010 04:20:12 -0000
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Topology and Geometry Software - A collection of educational, graphical and research software by Jeff Weeks.
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Additions to SnapPea - With related tables, by Nathan Dunfield.
CompuTop Software Archive - Computational low-dimensional topology collected by Nathan Dunfield.
Geomview - Interactive 3D viewing program for Unix. Free under GPL.
Liverpool University Knot Theory Group Programs and Procedures - Four programs, each calculating some invariant from a closed braid presentation. Free to download. Pascal.
MING - Computes the MD energy of a polygonal knot. Available via ftp.
OPTi - Macintosh freeware which visualizes quasi-conformal deformations of the once-punctured-torus groups. It interactively draws the isometric circles, the Ford region, and the limit set.
Simplicial Homology - A proposed GAP share package. May be tried online.
SNAP - Exact computation of hyperbolic 3-manifolds and their arithmetic invariants. Written by O. Goodman in an ARC-funded project of Hodgson and Neumann.
SnapPea - A program for creating and studying hyperbolic 3-manifolds. Free source available in C.
SnapPea PC - SnapPea for Windows 95/98/NT by A.C. Manoharan.
The Kenzo Program - A computer program for computational algebraic topology.
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