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Computer software (or simply software) is the programs and procedures that enable a computer to perform a specific task, as opposed to the physical components of the system (hardware). This includes application software such as a word processor, which enables a user to perform a task, and system software such as an operating system, which enables other software to run properly, by interfacing with hardware and with other software.

The term "software" was first used in this sense by John W. Tukey in 1957. In computer science and software engineering, computer software is all information processed by computer systems, programs and data. The concept of reading different sequences of instructions into the memory of a device to control computations was invented by Charles Babbage as part of his difference engine. The theory that is the basis for most modern software was first proposed by Alan Turing in his 1935 essay Computable numbers with an application to the Entscheidungsproblem. Hally, Mike (2005:79). Electronic brains/Stories from the dawn of the computer age. British Broadcasting Corporation and Granta Books, London. ISBN 1-86-207663-4.

Relationship to hardware


Computer software is so called in contrast to computer hardware, which encompasses the physical interconnections and devices required to store and execute (or run) the software. In computers, software is loaded into RAM and executed in the central processing unit. At the lowest level, software consists of a machine language specific to an individual processor. A machine language consists of groups of binary values signifying processor instructions (object code), which change the state of the computer from its preceding state. Software is an ordered sequence of instructions for changing the state of the computer hardware in a particular sequence. It is generally written in high-level programming languages that are easier and more efficient for humans to use (closer to natural language) than machine language. High-level languages are compiled or interpreted into machine language object code. Software may also be written in an assembly language, essentially, a mnemonic representation of a machine language using a natural language alphabet. Assembly language must be assembled into object code via an assembler.

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Software Aplikasi Sony Ericcson: Kebingungan cari judul postingan, saya posting kembali tentang aplikasi pengol.. http://bit.ly/5dT8De
mintuha (mintuha) Fri, 25 Dec 2009 17:43:03 -0000
Software Aplikasi Sony Ericcson: Kebingungan cari judul postingan, saya posting kembali tentang aplikasi pengol.. http://bit.ly/5dT8De
why does it seem like every time you buy new recording equipment, they forget to include the required software??
malkinman (Mike Malkin) Fri, 25 Dec 2009 17:43:02 -0000
why does it seem like every time you buy new recording equipment, they forget to include the required software??
Will Registry Cleaner Software Speed Up My Computer?: If it seems like you're always waiting for your PC to boot up or process your comma..
pieblog (Pie Solutions) Fri, 25 Dec 2009 17:42:59 -0000
Will Registry Cleaner Software Speed Up My Computer?: If it seems like you're always waiting for your PC to boot up or process your comma..
Payroll Software – More Than Software As a Service: Software as a service (SaaS) is a software development model in which a provider lice..
pieblog (Pie Solutions) Fri, 25 Dec 2009 17:42:53 -0000
Payroll Software – More Than Software As a Service: Software as a service (SaaS) is a software development model in which a provider lice..
im pissed off my zune software doesnt want to update fml
CoCaIN3_K4ndii3 (Amanda A Serrano) Fri, 25 Dec 2009 17:42:48 -0000
im pissed off my zune software doesnt want to update fml
@fany lamentablemente te equivocas, la ultima reforma de la LPI establece que en el caso de software NO EXISTE la copia de seguridad. Ea
metsuke (metsuke) Fri, 25 Dec 2009 17:42:14 -0000
@fany lamentablemente te equivocas, la ultima reforma de la LPI establece que en el caso de software NO EXISTE la copia de seguridad. Ea

 
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Netlib - Searchable repository of free numerical software.

Sparse Matrix Ordering - Graph, mesh, and hypergraph partitioning software. Free download, portable on most Unix systems that have an ANSI C compiler (e.g. GNU C).
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Addix.Spline - A comprehensive spline curve function library for creating and evaluating splines in Excel, VB and VBA. Free download of evaluation copy.
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Boundary Element Method - Resources: Acoustics, Laplace and Helmholtz Problems. Book, manuals, Fortran software (Free and to purchase).
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Center for the Mathematics of Waves - Includes the Finite Element/Nystrom Solver, a two dimensional coupled finite element / Nystrom solver for the Helmholtz equation.

CSE - LANCELOT - A standard fortran 77 package for solving large-scale nonlinearly constrained optimization problems. Free download by FTP.
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Decision Tree for Optimization Software - Ready to use solutions for optimization problems, or at least a way to build such a solution using work done by others. Where possible, public domain software is listed.

Discrete Fourier Series Transform - Basic presentation of the discrete Fourier series transform. Explanations and formules. Raw source code to calculate numerical Fourier transforms.
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DONLP2 - Software for nonlinear programming.

Easy-Fit - Used to identify parameters in explicit model functions, dynamic systems of equations (steady-state), Laplace transforms, ordinary differential equations, differential algebraic equations and one-dimensional partial differential equations. Proceeding from given experimental data. For example, observation times and measurements, the minimum least squares distances of measured data from a fitting criterion are computed, that may depend on the solution of the dynamic system.

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HSL Archive - HSL (formerly the Harwell Subroutine Library) is a collection of ISO Fortran codes for large scale scientific computation, written by members of the Numerical Analysis Group and other experts. Free download by FTP.

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Newmat C++ Matrix Manipulation Library - For the manipulation of matrices in the C++ language, oriented towards science and engineering applications.

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