Animals are a major group of organisms, classified as the kingdom Animalia or Metazoa. In general they are multicellular, capable of locomotion, responsive to their environment, and feed by consuming other organisms. Their body plan becomes fixed as they develop, usually early on in their development as embryos, although some undergo a process of metamorphosis later on.
The word "animal" comes from the Latin word animal, of which animalia is the plural, and ultimately from anima, meaning vital breath or soul.
Wildlife Ecology and Management :: Ecology
Extinction :: Paleontology
Conservation and Endangered Species :: Environment

AmphibiaWeb: Declining Amphibian Populations - Summarizes some of the evidence of climate change around the world. Describes direct effects such as phenology, decline and extinction, and indirect effects such as decreased immune function due to increased exposure of amphibian embryos to ultraviolet radiation.
Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS): Coral Bleaching Index - The results of reef monitoring and regional surveys are used to provide up to date information on the status of corals around the world. Includes details of facilities, services, and current research projects.
Biodiversity and Climate Change Programme - Reports and assesses threats to specific species and their habitats. Includes a link to the report Water Birds on the Edge - First Circumpolar Assessment of Climate Change Impact on Arctic Breeding Water Birds in PDF format. From the World Conservation Monitoring Centre in Cambridge, UK.
Meta Description: [ Biodiversity and climate change programme ]
Climate Change and Human Health - Aims to characterize and communicate scientific research, through integrated assessment, to support analysis and policy development. A program of the John Hopkins University, Baltimore.
Meta Description: [ This site provides information about the potential impacts of
climate change through integrated assessment to support policy development and analysis. ]
Climate Change and Infectious Disease - Demonstrates the importance of studying the volatility of infectious diseases as one of the earliest biological expressions of climate instability. From the Center for Health and the Global Environment, Harvard Medical School, Boston.
Meta Description: [ Center's mission is to understand the human health consequences of global environmental change, and to promote a wider understanding of these consequences among physicians, scientists, policy-makers, the media, and the general public. ]
Climate Change and its Effect on Migratory Birds - Long term study to identify and assess changes in the spatial distribution, abundance, and demography of the Black-Throated Blue Warbler and other bird species that breed in temperate forests. From the Migratory Bird Center of the Smithsonian National Zoological Park, Washington D.C.
Meta Description: [ The effect of climate change on migratory birds. Brought to you by the National Zoo| FONZ. ]
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Climate Change and Wildlife - An overview including brief details of the various responses, from changed habits to species decline, of marine and freshwater fish, insects and other invertebrates, mammals, reptiles and amphibians, and birds.
Climate Variability and Impacts on East African Livestock Herders - A thesis in Microsoft Word 2000 document format, from Colorado State University and the International Livestock Research Institute of Kenya. Examines pastoral adaptation to climate and the vulnerability of the Maasai of the Ngorongoro Conservation Area.
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Diatom Species Composition: Coastal Indicator Development and Information System - A study of species assemblages of single celled microscopic algae, often the dominant phytoplankters in Australian estuaries and the open ocean, to provide evidence of anthropogenic effects on aquatic habitats and water quality. From Dr. John Tibby, University of Adelaide.
Effects of Global Warming on Trout and Salmon in US Streams - A detailed report of results from a simulation study, estimating how stream temperatures will respond to changes in air temperature, and assessing the vulnerability of fish species to changes in availability of suitable habitat. Includes statistics, graphs, maps, and photographs.
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On Thin Ice: Hudson Bay Polar Bears - Examines the threat to the polar bear population at the southern extreme of the species' domain as Arctic seas thaw earlier and freeze later, bringing shorter periods of hunting on the ice and extra weeks of fasting. Provides evidence that this results in a drop in birth rate and an increase in cub mortality.
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Triangle Island Seabird Research and Monitoring Program - Studies of the status of populations over time in British Columbia. Includes an investigation into changes in plankton population blooms caused by the rising temperature of the North Pacific Ocean, and the effect of this on adult seabird survival and reproduction in two major colonies.
US Environmental Health Information Service - Global Warming - Government reports into the likely effects of climate change on public health. Includes news and research reports, and links to related articles.
Meta Description: [ Environmental Health Issues, air pollution, alternative vehicles and fuels, animal models, apoptosis, biological threats, weapons, and tools, cancer, chemical exposures, chemical mixtures/chemical testing, ecological change, endocrine disruptors, environmental medicine/disease, genetic researc... ]
US Global Change Research Program (USGCRP) Seminar: Amphibian Declines in the Cloud Forests of Costa Rica - Report of a case study into the present and future consequences of global warming for highland tropical forest ecosystems. A brief overview of the collapse of the entire amphibian fauna of Monteverde Cloud Forest, including the disappearance of the Golden Toad.
Meta Description: [ US Global Change Research Program. Helping to understand, assess, predict, and respond to global change. ]
World Health Organization (WHO): Using Climate to Predict Infectious Disease Outbreaks - Review of the degree to which epidemics are sensitive to climate variations. Identifies candidate diseases and describes the conceptual framework for developing climate-based early warning systems.
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