The carbon cycle is the biogeochemical cycle by which carbon is exchanged between the biosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere of the Earth. Other bodies may have carbon cycles, but little is known about them. All of these components are reservoirs of carbon. The cycle is usually thought of as four main reservoirs of carbon interconnected by pathways of exchange. The reservoirs are the atmosphere, terrestrial biosphere (usually includes freshwater systems), oceans, and sediments (includes fossil fuels). The annual movements of carbon, the carbon exchanges between reservoirs, occur because of various chemical, physical, geological, and biological processes. The ocean contains the largest pool of carbon near the surface of the Earth, but most of that pool is not involved with rapid exchange with the atmosphere.
The global carbon budget is the balance of the exchanges (incomes and losses) of carbon between the carbon reservoirs or between one specific loop (e.g., atmosphere - biosphere) of the carbon cycle. An examination of the carbon budget of a pool or reservoir can provide information about whether the pool or reservoir is functioning as a source or sink for carbon dioxide.
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Coal :: Industrial Minerals
Carbon :: Elements
Coal :: Fossil Fuel

Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC) - Global-change data and information analysis for the US Department of Energy (DOE). Atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide and other radiatively active gases; role of the terrestrial biosphere and oceans in biogeochemical cycles of greenhouse gases; emissions of carbon dioxide; long-term climate trends; effects of elevated carbon dioxide on vegetation; vulnerability of coastal areas to rising sea level.
Fluxnet Canada - A Canadian research network, based on eddy covariance flux measurements, that studies the effects of climate and disturbance on carbon cycling processes in forest and peatland ecosystems.
Meta Description: [ A Canadian research network, based on eddy covariance flux measurements, that studies the effects of climate and disturbance on carbon cycling processes in forest and peatland ecosystems. Un réseau de recherche canadien, basé sur des mesures de flux effectuées selon la méthode ]
Global Carbon Project - Scientific partnership that aims to develop a complete picture of the global carbon cycle, including both its biophysical and human dimensions together with the interactions and feedbacks between them. A project of the Earth System Science Partnership of the International Geosphere Biosphere Programme (IGBP), World Climate Research Programme (WCRP), and the International Human Dimensions Programme (IHDP)
Meta Description: [ The Global Carbon Project (GCP) was established in 2001 in recognition of the enormous scientific challenge and fundamentally critical nature of the issue for Earth sustainability. ]
Mystery of the Missing Carbon - Discusses the BOREAS research program, which investigated the missing carbon problem in global carbon cycle studies.
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NOFRETETE: Nitrogen oxides emissions from European forest ecosystems - A Project funded by the European Commission DG Research - V th Framework programme Programme in the thematic programme Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development, Key Action 2 Global change, climate and biodiversity
Meta Description: [ NOFRETETE Homepage ]
The BOREAS Project - The Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study (BOREAS) is a large-scale international interdisciplinary experiment in the northern boreal forests of Canada. Its goal was to improve our understanding of the boreal forests - how they interact with the atmosphere, how much CO2 they can store, and how climate change will affect them.
United States Trace Gas Network - The TRAGNET network is meant to accomplish the following two goals: 1. Document contemporary fluxes of CO2, CH4 and N2O between regionally important ecosystems and the atmosphere and 2. Determine the factors controlling these fluxes and improve our ability to predict future fluxes in response to ecosystem and climate change.
US Carbon Cycle Science Program - An interagency partnership to provide critical unbiased scientific information on the fate of carbon dioxide in the environment to contribute to the ongoing public dialogue.
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