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Global_Warming_Map.jpg Global warming is the observed increase in the average temperature of the Earth's atmosphere and oceans in recent decades.

The Earth's average near-surface atmospheric temperature rose 0.6 ± 0.2 degrees Celsius (1.1 ± 0.4  degrees Fahrenheit) in the 20th century. The prevailing scientific opinion on climate change is that "most of the warming observed over the last 50 years is attributable to human activities" *. The increased amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases (GHGs) are the primary causes of the human-induced component of warming. They are released by the burning of fossil fuels, land clearing and agriculture, etc. and lead to an increase in the greenhouse effect.

The measure of the response to increased GHGs, and other andthropogenic and natural climate forcings is climate sensitivity *. It is found by observational studies and climate models. This sensitivity is usually expressed in terms of the temperature response expected from a doubling of CO2 in the atmosphere. The current literature estimates sensitivity in the range 1.5-4.5  °C (2.7-8.1 °F). Models referenced by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) predict that global temperatures may increase by between 1.4 and 5.8  °C (2.5 to 10.5  °F) between 1990 and 2100. The uncertainty in this range results from both the difficulty of predicting the volume of future greenhouse gas emissions and uncertainty about climate sensitivity.

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ENN: Climate

NASA Study Shows Major Groundwater Loss in California Since 2003
A new study released by NASA shows that the aquifers for California's primary agricultural region -- the Central Valley -- and its major mountain water source -- the Sierra Nevadas -- have lost nearly enough water combined to fill Lake Mead, America's largest reservoir. The findings, based on data from the NASA/German Aerospace Center Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (Grace), reflect California's extended drought and increased rates of groundwater being pumped for human uses, such as irrigation.
Cap and Trade Working Already
The US already has years of experience with Cap and Trade. A sulfur dioxide (SO2) Cap and Trade program has proven an effective control strategy to lower SO2 emissions. It provides elements of market incentives and provides flexibility to facilities that emit large quantities of the pollutant in several ways. One of the most important ways is that it permits older facilities which may need to operate for a limited number of years to purchase “emissions credits” to continue operating without installing un-economic emissions controls by purchasing credits. The credits are created by other sources which control their emissions MORE than required under regulations. There is also an overall reduction in the program to benefit the environment so we are not just transferring emission from one plant to another. A reflection of the effectiveness is that the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency announced that power plants across the country decreased emissions of SO2, a precursor to acid rain, to 7.6 million tons in 2008.
Sea levels set to rise more than expected due to 'deeply surprising' Greenland melt
A new study by the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Program estimates that the sea will rise by 0.5 to 1.5 meters by 2100, threatening coastal cities and flooding island nations. This is double the predicted rise estimated by the UN's Intergovernmental Panel on climate Change (IPCC) in 2007, which did not incorporate sea level rise due to the melting of Greenland and Antarctica's ice sheets.

L.A. Times - Environment

Developing nations hold the key to Copenhagen climate agreement
Wed, 16 Dec 2009 00:00:00 -0800
Rich nations still hold some bargaining chips, but many negotiators and observers say key decisions by poor and emerging nations will make or break any deal. The world's poorest and fastest-growing developing nations appear, increasingly, to hold the fate of a new climate agreement in their hands. The choice they face is, deal or no deal?
U.N. chief weighs in on climate talk expectations
Wed, 16 Dec 2009 00:00:00 -0800
Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon says he expects a final treaty to be signed by mid-2010. He also defends the U.N.'s role as the overseer of funding from developed to developing nations. As negotiations for a global climate change convention entered their final stages in Copenhagen, U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon sat down with Times Foreign Editor Bruce Wallace to discuss the prospects for a deal, and whether rich nations are looking to curb the United Nations' role in overseeing the billions of dollars that may be transferred from the developed to the developing world.
Climate change e-mail scandal underscores myth of pure science
Wed, 16 Dec 2009 00:00:00 -0800
The East Anglia controversy serves as a reminder that when the politics are divisive and the science is sufficiently complex, the boundary between the two may become indiscernible. As two scholars with different political orientations but common concerns, we have each worked to challenge conventional wisdom that has undermined public understanding of the climate change problem. Many Republicans have been too reluctant to acknowledge strong evidence of human-caused warming and the need for prudent policies that could reduce its harmful effects. Democrats have let their own political judgments and values infect climate science and its interpretation, often understating the uncertainties about the timing and scale of future risks, and the tremendous costs and difficulties of effective action.

Union of Concerned Scientists

New Major Economics Fund is Progress at Copenhagen
Mon, 14 Dec 2009 00:00:00 -0600
Today U.S. Energy Secretary Steven Chu and India’s Environment Minister, Jairam Ramesh, jointly announced a plan to fund deployment of clean energy technologies in developing countries. The Climate Renewables and Efficiency Deployment Initiative (Climate REDI), which grew out of a Major Economies Forum process, commits $350 million over a five year period.
Cantwell Bill Emissions Reduction Not Adequate
Fri, 11 Dec 2009 00:00:00 -0600
A climate bill introduced yesterday by Sen. Maria Cantwell (D-Wash.) is proof that there is bipartisan support in Congress for deep emissions reduction goals. However, the bill is too weak to meet its purported goals, according to the Union of Concerned Scientists (UCS). The bill, the Carbon Limits and Energy for America’s Renewal (CLEAR) Act, was also sponsored by Sen. Susan Collins (R-Maine).
Biotech Is 'No Sure Fix' for Nitrogen Pollution Problem
Wed, 09 Dec 2009 00:00:00 -0600
New report shows that the the biotechnology industry has yet to produce any commercial crops engineered to reduce nitrogen fertilizer pollution.
WH Transparency Memo Helpful, But Short on Specifics
Tue, 08 Dec 2009 00:00:00 -0600
White House Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Director Peter Orzag today released an open government directive in response to a January 2009 presidential memorandum on government openness and transparency.
EPA Endangerment Finding Welcome News in Copenhagen
Mon, 07 Dec 2009 00:00:00 -0600
As the Copenhagen climate summit kicks off, the Environmental Protection Agency today will officially acknowledge that heat-trapping gases that cause global warming endanger “public health and welfare,” allowing the agency to reduce emissions under the Clean Air Act.
Top Scientists: E-Mails Have No Bearing on Climate Science
Fri, 04 Dec 2009 00:00:00 -0600
Today, 25 leading U.S. scientists sent an open letter to Congress to assure lawmakers that the content of the stolen emails from England’s University of East Anglia’s Climatic Research Unit has no bearing on scientists’ overall understanding that human activity is causing global warming.

 
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