Geomorphology is the study of landforms, including their origin and evolution, and the processes that shape them. The underlying question is: Why do landscapes look the way they do? The term is derived from the Greek γη, ge, meaning Earth, and μορφή, morfé, meaning form. Geomorphologists seek to understand landform history and dynamics, and predict future changes through a combination of field observation, physical experiment, and numerical modeling. The discipline is practiced within geology, geodesy, geography, archaeology, and civil and environmental engineering. Early studies in geomorphology are the foundation for pedology, one of two main branches of soil science.
Landforms evolve in response to a combination of natural and anthropogenic processes. The landscape is built up through tectonic uplift and volcanism. Denudation occurs by erosion and mass wasting, which produces sediment that is transported and deposited elsewhere within the landscape or off the coast. Landscapes are also lowered by subsidence, either due to tectonics or physical changes in underlying sedimentary deposits. These processes are each influenced differently by climate, ecology, and human activity.
Particular applications of geomorphology include landslide prediction and mitigation, river control and restoration, coastal protection, and assessing the presence of water on Mars.
More on [ Geomorphology ]
Glaciers and Ice Ages :: Geology
Glaciology :: Quaternary Studies

Cairngorm Landscapes - Images and analysis of preglacial, glacial and periglacial landforms in Scotland's Cairngorm Mountains.
Drumlins and subglacial meltwater floods - Discusses the theory of drumlin formation by catastrophic flooding due to the release of meltwater from beneath melting ice sheets.
Glacial Deposition And Depositional Landforms - Describes, illustrates, and explains glacial and fluvioglacial deposits and landforms, including drumlins, erratics, eskers, kames, kettles, varves, and outwash.
Meta Description: [ Information about how glacial deposition occurs, and the landforms created. ]
Glacial Geology and Geomorphology - A refereed electronic journal of The British Geomorphological Research Group developed by The Queen's University of Belfast.
Meta Description: [ Home page of the Journal of Glacial Geology and Geomorphology ]
Glacial Geology at the University of Cincinnati - Glacier images, reports on subglacial volcanism and meltwater floods in Iceland, and information for students.
Sedimentary evidence favouring the formation of Rogen landscapes by outburst floods - Evidence for formation of Rogen landscapes by outburst floods of subglacial meltwater.
Meta Description: [ The character of the materials within rogen ridges provides evidence for the formation of rogen landscapes during large scale meltwater floods. ]
USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program - Describes ongoing projects and research plans for assessing coastal, estuary, and continental shelf processes, sediment transfer, and related geologic hazards.
Meta Description: [ The U.S. Geological Survey's Coastal and Marine Geology Program studies issues in deep-water, coastal, estuarine, and lacustrine realms, such as coral reefs, gas hydrate, coastal hazards (including erosion, hurricane impacts, and tsunamis), and environmental change (including sea-level rise, poll... ]
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