Manganese is a chemical element in the periodic table that has the symbol Mn and atomic number 25.
The most common oxidation states of manganese are +2, +3, +4, +6 and +7, though oxidation states from +1 to +7 are observed. Mn2+ often competes with Mg2+ in biological systems, and manganese compounds where manganese is in oxidation state +7 are powerful oxidizing agents.
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ChemGlobe: Manganese - Electronic, thermal, and steric data along with an isotope table.
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ChemicalElements.com: Manganese - Basic information, atomic structure, and isotopes.
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EnvironmentalChemistry.com: Manganese - Atomic structure, chemical and physical properties, and table of nuclides.
It's Elemental: Manganese - Basic physical and historical information.
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LANL: Manganese - Sources, properties, uses, and handling.
Lenntech: Manganese - Physical data, chemical properties, health and environmental effects.
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Manganese - Data tables and historic information.
Radiochemistry of Manganese - Full text of the monograph by R. P. Schuman (Dept. of Chemistry, Robert College, Bebek P.K.8, Istanbul, Turkey). [PDF]
USGS Minerals Information: Manganese - Statistics and information on the worldwide supply, demand, and flow of the element (PDF format).
Visual Elements: Manganese - General and physical information, source, uses, biological role, key isotopes, and ionisation energies.
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WebElements: Manganese - Extensive information on history, uses, occurrence, compounds, and properties of the element.
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Wikipedia: Manganese - Properties of the element, including its history, applications, and characteristics.
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