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Magnesium is the chemical element in the periodic table that has the symbol Mg and atomic number 12 and an atomic mass of 24.31. Magnesium is the eighth most abundant element and constitutes about 2% of the Earth's crust by weight, and it is the third most plentiful element dissolved in seawater. The free element (metal) is not found in nature. Once produced from magnesium salts, this alkaline earth metal is primarily used as an alloying agent to make aluminium-magnesium alloys, sometimes called "magnalium" or "magnelium".
Isotopes
26Mg is a stable isotope that has found application in isotopic geology, similar to that of aluminium. 26Mg is a radiogenic daughter product of 26Al, which has a half-life of 717,000 years. Large enrichments of stable 26Mg have been observed in the Ca-Al-rich inclusions of some carbonaceous chondrite meteorites. The anomalous abundance of 26Mg is attributed to the decay of its parent 26Al in the inclusions. Therefore, the meteorite must have formed in the solar nebula before the 26Al had decayed. Hence, these fragments are among the oldest objects in the solar system and have preserved information about its earliest history.
It is conventional to plot 26Mg/24Mg against an Al/Mg ratio. In an isochrone plot, the Al/Mg ratio plotted is27Al/24Mg. The slope of the isochron has no age significance, but indicates the initial 26Al/27Al ratio in the sample at the time when the systems were separated from a common reservoir.
More on [ Magnesium ]
Magnesium :: Vitamins and Minerals
Alkali Earth Metals :: Elements
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ChemGlobe: Magnesium - Electronic, thermal, and steric data along with basic information.
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ChemicalElements.com: Magnesium - Basic information, atomic structure, and table of isotopes.
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EnvironmentalChemistry.com: Magnesium - Atomic structure, chemical and physical properties, and table of nuclides.
It's Elemental: Magnesium - Basic physical and historical information.
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Magnesium - Data tables and historic information.
Radiochemistry of Magnesium - Full text of the monograph by A. W. Fairhall (Dept. of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington). [PDF]
USGS Minerals Information: Magnesium - Statistics and information on the worldwide supply, demand, and flow of the element (PDF format).
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Visual Elements: Magnesium - Image, general and physical information, source, uses, key isotopes, and ionisation energies.
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WebElements: Magnesium - Extensive information on history, uses, occurrence, compounds, and properties of the element.
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Wikipedia: Magnesium - Properties of the element, including its history, applications, and characteristics.
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