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Iron is a chemical element with the symbol Fe (L.: Ferrum) and atomic number 26. Iron is a group 8 and period 4 metal. Iron is notable for being the final element produced by stellar nucleosynthesis, and thus the heaviest element which does not require a supernova or similarly cataclysmic event for its formation. It is therefore the most abundant heavy metal in the universe.
Notable characteristics
Iron is the most abundant metal on Earth, and is believed to be the tenth most abundant element in the universe. Iron is also the second most abundant element by mass, making up 34% of the mass of the Earth; the concentration of iron in the various layers of the Earth ranges from high at the inner core to about 5% in the outer crust. It is possible the Earth's inner core consists of a single iron crystal, although it is more likely to be a mixture of iron and nickel. The large amount of iron in the Earth is thought to create its magnetic field.
Iron is a metal extracted from iron ore, and is almost never found in the free elemental state. In order to obtain elemental iron, the impurities must be removed by chemical reduction. Iron is used in the production of steel, an alloy or solid solution of different metals, and some non-metals, particularly carbon.
More on [ Iron ]
Iron :: Vitamins and Minerals
Transition Metals :: Elements
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ChemGlobe: Iron - Electronic, thermal, and steric data along with an isotope table.
Meta Description: [ The chemical element [Fe] - Iron - Datasheet ]
ChemicalElements.com: Iron - Basic information, atomic structure, and isotopes.
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EnvironmentalChemistry.com: Iron - Atomic structure, chemical and physical properties, and table of nuclides.
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Iron - Data tables and historic information.
It's Elemental: Iron - Basic physical and historical information.
Meta Description: [ The Element Iron - Basic Physical and Historical Information ]
LANL: Iron - History, sources, uses, and properties.
Lenntech: Iron - Physical data, chemical properties, health and environmental effects.
Meta Description: [ chemical properties, health and environmental effects of iron ]
Radiochemistry of Iron - Full text of the monograph by J. M. Nielsen (Hanford Laboratories, Hanford Atomic Products Operation, Richland, Washington). [PDF]
USGS Minerals Information: Iron - Statistics and information on the worldwide supply, demand, and flow of the element (PDF format).
Meta Description: [ Statistics and information on the worldwide supply, demand, and flow of iron and steel ]
Visual Elements: Iron - Image, general and physical information, source, uses, key isotopes, and ionisation energies.
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WebElements: Iron - Extensive information on history, uses, occurrence, compounds, and properties of the element.
Meta Description: [ This WebElements periodic table page contains key information for the element iron ]
Wikipedia: Iron - Properties of the element, including its history, applications, and characteristics.
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