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Chromatography (from Greek chroma, colour) is the collective term for a family of laboratory techniques for the separation of mixtures. It involves passing a mixture which contains the analyte through a stationary phase, which separates it from other molecules in the mixture and allows it to be isolated.

History


It was the Russian botanist Mikhail Semyonovich Tsvet who invented the first chromatography technique in 1901 during his research on chlorophyll. He used a liquid-adsorption column containing calcium carbonate to separate plant pigments. The method was described on December 30, 1901 at the XI Congress of Naturalists and Doctors (XI съезд естествоиспытателей и врачей) in St. Petersburg. The first printed description was in 1903, in the Proceedings of the Warsaw Society of Naturalists, section of biology. He first used the term chromatography in print in 1906 in his two papers about chlorophyll in the German botanical journal, Berichte der Deutschen Botanischen Gesellschaft. In 1907 he demonstrated his chromatograph for the German Botanical Society. Interestingly, the Russian word "tsvet" means "color," so there is the possibility that his naming the procedure chromatography (literally "color writing") was a way that he could make sure that he, a commoner in Tsarist Russia, could be immortalized.

In 1952 Archer John Porter Martin and Richard Laurence Millington Synge were awarded the Chemistry Nobel Prize for their invention of partition chromatographyhttp://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1952/. Since then, the technology has advanced rapidly. Researchers found that the principles underlying Tsvet's chromatography could be applied in many different ways, giving rise to the different varieties of chromatography described below. Simultaneously, advances continually improved the technical performance of chromatography, allowing increasingly similar molecules to be resolved.

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JRHipp (Jessica Ryan Hipp) Tue, 08 Dec 2009 07:43:05 -0000
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CHROMacademy (Chromacademy) Fri, 04 Dec 2009 16:18:03 -0000
RT @bejugamvinith: Watching 'High Performance Liquid Chromatography HPLC' at Vodpod http://bit.ly/7bERCV
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yennierw (Yennie Rosyiani) Fri, 04 Dec 2009 10:44:44 -0000
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arisetyo (Arie Moch. Prasetyo) Fri, 04 Dec 2009 09:48:09 -0000
disuruh ngetikin tugas High Performance Liquid Chromatography -nya bini. serasa jaman kuliah lagi... :(
Watching 'High Performance Liquid Chromatography HPLC' at Vodpod http://bit.ly/7bERCV
bejugamvinith (bejugamvinith) Fri, 04 Dec 2009 05:03:06 -0000
Watching 'High Performance Liquid Chromatography HPLC' at Vodpod http://bit.ly/7bERCV
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mattkap (Matt Kapelewski) Tue, 01 Dec 2009 21:08:50 -0000
@dmoney51 High performance liquid chromatography haha. Stuff in my lab. Not working.

 
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