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Chromatography (from Greek chroma, colour) is the collective term for a family of laboratory techniques for the separation of mixtures. It involves passing a mixture which contains the analyte through a stationary phase, which separates it from other molecules in the mixture and allows it to be isolated.
History
It was the Russian botanist Mikhail Semyonovich Tsvet who invented the first chromatography technique in 1901 during his research on chlorophyll. He used a liquid-adsorption column containing calcium carbonate to separate plant pigments. The method was described on December 30, 1901 at the XI Congress of Naturalists and Doctors (XI съезд естествоиспытателей и врачей) in St. Petersburg. The first printed description was in 1903, in the Proceedings of the Warsaw Society of Naturalists, section of biology. He first used the term chromatography in print in 1906 in his two papers about chlorophyll in the German botanical journal, Berichte der Deutschen Botanischen Gesellschaft. In 1907 he demonstrated his chromatograph for the German Botanical Society. Interestingly, the Russian word "tsvet" means "color," so there is the possibility that his naming the procedure chromatography (literally "color writing") was a way that he could make sure that he, a commoner in Tsarist Russia, could be immortalized.
In 1952 Archer John Porter Martin and Richard Laurence Millington Synge were awarded the Chemistry Nobel Prize for their invention of partition chromatographyhttp://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1952/. Since then, the technology has advanced rapidly. Researchers found that the principles underlying Tsvet's chromatography could be applied in many different ways, giving rise to the different varieties of chromatography described below. Simultaneously, advances continually improved the technical performance of chromatography, allowing increasingly similar molecules to be resolved.
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Separation :: Chemical Engineering
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Chiral Separations by Capillary Electrophoresis (Chromatographic Science Series) - by Ann Van Eeckhaut et al. - CRC. http://j.mp/110cGR
Chiral Separations by Capillary Electrophoresis (Chromatographic Science Series) - by Ann Van Eeckhaut et al. - CRC. http://j.mp/1GQwLq
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Chiral Separations by Capillary Electrophoresis (Chromatographic Science Series) - by Ann Van Eeckhaut et al. - CRC. http://j.mp/1GQwLq
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technical_book (New Technical Books) Mon, 02 Nov 2009 12:26:00 -0000
Chiral Separations by Capillary Electrophoresis (Chromatographic Science Series) - by Ann Van Eeckhaut et al. - CRC. http://j.mp/41hL2h
Chiral Separations by Capillary Electrophoresis (Chromatographic Science Series) - by Ann Van Eeckhaut et al. - CRC. http://j.mp/1QWAag
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Chiral Separations by Capillary Electrophoresis (Chromatographic Science Series) - by Ann Van Eeckhaut et al. - CRC. http://j.mp/1QWAag
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CaSSS Electronic Resource Center - The California Separation Science Society is a non-profit chromatography discussion group that sponsors international scientific symposia and provides educational networking opportunities for separation scientists.
Chiral Information - Focuses on all aspects of chirality, chiral recognition and discrimination.
Meta Description: [ A web page which focuses on all aspects of chirality, chiral recognition and discrimination., A web site focusing on all aspects of chirality, chiral recognition and discrimination. ]
Chirbase Database - Database of chiral molecules and separations of enantiomers by chromatography. Includes email discussion group with archive back to 1996, in English, maintained in France.
Meta Description: [ Chirbase molecular database for chiral separations by chromatography ]
Chrom-L Group - Email discussion list for those using any chromatographic technique at Yahoo! Inc.
Meta Description: [ chrom-L: Chromatography, SPE, LC/MS, HPLC, GC/MS ]
Chromatography Forum - LC-GC magazine's message boards for jobs, advice on all types of chromatography, with archives back to 1999, and feedback on DryLab, sponsored by its marketer, LC Resources Inc. from Amity, OR.
Chromatography Resources - Applications and troubleshooting tips for TLC, HPLC, GC and chiral separations, together with product information from VWR International Ltd, from Poole, England.
GTS: Research Group of Separation Techniques in Chemistry - Projects in development of process separation and applications in environmental research, biomedical and agrofood analysis. Offers services using different techniques from Bellaterra University, Barcelona, Spain.
Instrumental Chemistry - Designed to give students of analytical chemistry a better understanding of chromatography.
Meta Description: [ FW 8 DW 8 HTML ]
Quintana Álvarez, Dr. José Benito - Research interests and publications in the field of sample preparation and analysis at the Institute for Environmental Technology, in Berlin.
Research Institute for Chromatography - Founded in 1986, offers courses, collaboration and services for analysis in petrochemistry, food, natural product, polymer, pharmaceutical and environmental applications, to the public and private sectors at laboratories in Kortrijk, Belgium.
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Separations Now - Portal addressing HPLC, hyphenated techniques, GC, electrophoresis, genomics and other methods, from Wiley.
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The Chromatographic Society - An international organization devoted to the promotion and dissemination of knowledge on all aspects of chromatography and related separation techniques.
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