Gourt > Science > Biology > Neurobiology > Institutions
- This article is about institutions as social mechanisms. Please see Organization for formal establishments.
Institutions are social structures and social mechanisms of social order and cooperation governing the behavior of two or more individuals. Institutions are identified with a social purpose and permanence, transcending individual human lives and intentions, and with the making and enforcing of rules governing cooperative human behavior. The term, institution, is commonly applied to customs and behavior patterns important to a society, as well as to particular formal organizations of government and public service. As structures and mechanisms of social order among humans, institutions are one of the principal objects of study in the social sciences, including sociology, political science and economics. Institutions are a central concern for law, the formal regime for political rule-making and enforcement. The creation and evolution of institutions is a primary topic for history.
Aspects of Institutions
Although individual, formal organizations, commonly identified as "institutions," may be deliberately and intentionally created by people, the development and functioning of institutions in society in general may be regarded as an instance of emergence; that is, institutions arise, develop and function in a pattern of social self-organization, which goes beyond the conscious intentions of the individual humans involved.
As mechanisms of social cooperation, institutions are manifest in both objectively real, formal organizations, such as the U.S. Congress, the Roman Catholic Church or the Bank of England, and, also, in informal social order and organization, reflecting human psychology, culture, habits and customs. Most important institutions, considered abstractly, have both objective and subjective aspects: examples include money and marriage. The institution of money encompasses many formal organizations, including banks and government treasury departments and stock exchanges, which may be termed, "institutions," as well as subjective experiences, which guide people in their pursuit of personal economic well-being and wealth. Powerful institutions are able to imbue a paper currency with certain value, and to induce millions into cooperative production and trade in pursuit of economic ends abstractly denominated in that currency's units. The subjective experience of money is so pervasive and persuasive that economists talk of the "money illusion" and try to disabuse their students of it, in preparation for learning economic analysis.
More on [ Institution ]
Neurobiology at UMBC - Research at the University of Maryland in Baltimore includes the senses, neural networks, electrophysiology, development, neuroendocrinology and advanced imaging techniques.
Meta Description: [ The Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology specializes in research involving: the chemical senses,
neural networks, developmental neurobiology, computational neurobiology, molecular biology, neurophysiology, and
neuroendocrinology. ]
404
Blanchette Rockefeller Neurosciences Institute - A non-profit institute studying human memory and aiming acceleration of neurological discoveries directly to Alzheimer’s patients.
Meta Description: [ The Blanchette Rockefeller Neurosciences Institute's unique mission is to accelerate neurological discoveries from the lab to Alzheimer's patients, where they are needed the most. ]
Brain Dynamics Center - Studies brain disorders including ADHD, post-traumatic stress disorder, social phobia, schizophrenia, borderline personality disorder, Parkinson's disease, and traumatic brain injury.
Meta Description: [ Leaders in integrative neuroscience: Sydney's Brain Dynamics Centre, as a world leader in integrative neuroscience, is helping in the fight against mental illness, through the development of integrative brain models and analysis technologies. Please explore our website for more information about ... ]
Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Group University of Calgary, Canada. - Featuring a wide array of techniques including electro- and neurophysiology, molecular biology, proteomics, confocal imaging; and the development of silicone chip-neuronal interfaces.
Meta Description: [ Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Research Group located at the University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. ]
Center for Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CMPB) - The central aim of the CMPB is the detailed analysis of defined molecular processes and interactions in nerve cell in order to develop and improve therapies for psychiatric, neurological and neurodegenerative disorders
Meta Description: [ CMPB,Neurologie,Neurowissenschaften,Neuroscience,Neurobiologie,Neurobiology,DFG Research Center Molecular Physiology of the Brain,DFG Forschungszentrum,Molekularphysiologie,Gehirn, Göttingen ]
Center for Neuroregeneration Research - Workins on developing therapies for Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and related disorders
Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience - A multidisciplinary research coalition at the University of Mississippi Medical Center including Cellular Neuroimaging, Behavioral Studies, Human Brain Collection, and Molecular Biology themes
Centre for Neuroscience, Flinders University, Adelaide Australia - Research center for cognitive neuroscience, sensory systems, autonomic nervous system, addiction, circadian rhythms, epilepsy
Centre for Research in Neuroscience - Located in the Research Institute of the Montreal General Hospital, a teaching hospital with the McGill University Health Centre. The CRN offers a program designed to train pre-doctoral students for an M.Sc. or Ph.D. in Neuroscience, as well as M.D.'s for careers as physician-scientists.
Meta Description: [ Home page of the Centre for Research in Neuroscience, a multidisciplinary research group at the Montreal General Hospital. Part of the McGill University Gateway, the site includes information about the Centre's faculty, research and graduate program. ]
Computational Neurobiology and Imaging Center - CNIC researchers study the relationships between neural function and structure at levels ranging from the molecular and cellular, through network organization of the brain.
Meta Description: [ Computational Neurobiology and Imaging Center ]
Computational Neurobiology Laboratory at the Salk Institute - Offering highly specialized information on Neurocomputing and simulators; part of the site requires membership
Department of Neurophysiology at Ruhr-Univ. Bochum - Located at the institute for physiology at Ruhr-University Bochum. Areas of research include signal transmission, visual cortex, and computational neuroscience.
500
Department of Cell Physiology - Researh into mechanisms of fast signalling within nerve cells, between nerve cells and of long-term changes in their synaptic coupling. Chair department Professor Bert Sakmann won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 1991.
Department of Neuroscience - Psychiatry - Multidisciplinary department at the University of North Dakota which includes psychiatry and behavioral science, neurology, neurosurgery, neuropharmacology and neuroradiology.
Meta Description: [ University of North Dakota. Enrollment Services: Dream. Connect. Achieve. ]
European Neuroscience Institute - A research institute for neuroscience in Goettingen, Germany. Part of a European research network. The associated graduate school has programs in fundamental neuroscience.
Meta Description: [ ENI description ]
Experimental and Computatinal Neurosciences - ECN is a multidisciplinary group Working at the Institute of Cybernetics of Italian CNR in the field of Neurosciences. The main topics include: Computer simulation of synaptic transmission; Neural Network; Parallel computation; Immuno-histochemistry of brain.
Graduate Program In Neuroscience at the University Of Rochester - Presents opportunities for students in interdisciplinary and diverse environment.
Graduate Program in Physiology and Neurobiology - The University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School Neuroscience and Cell Biology department pursues strong state-of-the-art research in various biological fields using its advanced research facilities.
Meta Description: [ The Graduate Program in Neuroscience - The Graduate Program in Neuroscience at UMDNJ ]
Human Sensorimotor Control Laboratory - The University of Minnesota lab's research is concerned with the neural control of human movement during development and in neurological disease.
Meta Description: [ Research of the lab focuses on neural control of human movement in neurological disease and development ]
Inmed: Mediterranean Institute of Neurobiology - Studies neuronal plasticity, as well as cellular and molecular mechanisms of normal and pathological brain development (e.g. epilepsia, ischemia)
Meta Description: [ INMED is a center where all the competences and techniques required to foster integrative, molecular, cellular techniques and preparations are present. It is also a center devoted to the development and formation of neurobiological sciences in public, including high school students ]
Institute for Neuroinformatics - An independent research institution at the Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany. Includes the research groups Theoretical Neurobiology, System Biophysics, as well as groups working on several aspects of Robotics.
Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience - The ICN is an interdisciplinary research institute at University College, London. It studies how mental processes relate to the human brain, in health and disease, for adults and children.
Meta Description: [ * ]
Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences - Information about the Institute and its neuropharmacological research, including psychotropic drugs.
Interdisciplinary Center for Neural Computation - The ICNC at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem where faculty and students are involved in creating new approaches to solving the mysteries of the brain.
Meta Description: [ Interdisciplinary Center for Neural Computation at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem ]
Laboratory for Advanced Brain Signal Processing - The Laboratory for Advanced Brain Signal Processing investigates and develops tools and software for analysis, extraction, enhancement, de-noising detection, localization, recognition and classification of brain signals and patterns.
Meta Description: [ Laboratory for Advanced Brain Signal Processing Homepage. The Laboratory for Advanced Brain Signal Processing (ABSP) investigates and develops tools and software for analysis (extraction, enhancement, de-noising detection, localization, recognition and classification tasks) of brain signals and p... ]
Laboratory for Neuroengineering -
500
Motion Science Consortium - Working Group making research recommendations concerning identification and measurement of neurological, cognitive, and performance effects associated with Motion Adaptation Syndrome.
MRC Centre for Synaptic Plasticity - A consortium between the Medical Research Council and the University of Bristol, performing research into mechanisms by which neurons alter their synaptic strength and their relation to learning and memory.
Neural Engineering Center, Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University - Analyzing the function of the nervous system, developing methods to restore damaged neurological function, and creating artificial systems by integrating physical, chemical, mathematical and engineering tools. Free neuron simulation software provided.
NeuroLam Project - This lab is a part of the Dept. of Functional Biology and Health Sciences, University of Vigo, Spain. Studies organization and development of the lamprey brain and spinal cord.
Meta Description: [ Neurobiology of lampreys ]
Neuroscience at USUHS - The Website of the Neuroscience Program at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences in Bethesda, MD.
Meta Description: [ Graduate Program in Neuroscience at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences- your federal academic health center ]
Neuroscience Graduate Program in Goettingen - MSc and PhD programs in neurosciences at the University of Goettingen, Max-Planck-Institutes, German Primate Center and the European Neuroscience Institute.
Meta Description: [ International Master / PhD / MD-PhD Study Program in Neurosciences at the University of Goettingen, Germany, in collaboration with the Max-Planck-Institute for Biophysical Chemistry and Max-Planck-Institute for Experimental Medicine. Intended for students holding a B.Sc. or equivalent in Biology,... ]
Neuroscience Research at Michigan State University - Focusing on autonomic nervous system, neural plasticity, synaptic transmission/signal transduction and other aspects of neuroscience
Meta Description: [ The Michigan State University Neuroscience program. ]
Penn State Hershey Neuroscience Research Institute - The Institute focuses on transdisciplinary brain research in order to investigate and treat neurological and mental disorders. Offers training opportunities in basic and clinical neurosciences.
Meta Description: [ Penn State Hershey Neuroscience Research Institute's primary focus is to study the
function and dysfunction of the nervous system by bridging the gap between the basic and clinical sciences
and encouraging the coordination of research and academic programs that will yield leaders in the
neu... ]
Program in Neuroscience at the University of Maryland - Awards the Ph.D. in Neuroscience and allows students to train with over 80 faculty conducting research in a broad range of neuroscience disciplines.
Program in Neuroscience, University of Toronto - Collaborative Program in Neuroscience offering M.Sc., M.A. (Psychology), and Ph.D. degrees.
Redwood Neuroscience Institute - RNI is a nonprofit scientific research organization studying and promoting biologically accurate mathematical models of memory and cognition.
Research Center for Molecular Physiology of the Brain - Conserns with analysis of molecular processes and interactions in nerve cell to develop and improve therapies for psychiatric, neurological and neurodegenerative disorders.
Meta Description: [ CMPB,Neurologie,Neurowissenschaften,Neuroscience,Neurobiologie,Neurobiology,DFG Research Center Molecular Physiology of the Brain,DFG Forschungszentrum,Molekularphysiologie,Gehirn, Göttingen ]
The CNS Technology Lab, Boston University - Founded by Department of Cognitive and Neural Systems to foster the development of neural network models derived from scientific research and to facilitate the transition of the resulting technologies to real-world applications.
Meta Description: [ XOOPS is a dynamic Object Oriented based open source portal script written in PHP. ]
404
The Department of Cell Physiology, Max Plank Institute - This Department is run by Nobel Prize laureate Prof. Bert Sakmann and is considered the best of the kind in the field of experimental neuronal research.
The Laboratory of Neuroheuristics - A new path towards understanding brain functions through a transdisciplinary approach uniting neuroscience, physiology and computer science.
Meta Description: [ A new path towards understanding brain functions
through a transdisciplinary approach uniting Neuroscience, Physiology and Computer Science. A
virtual laboratory open worldwide for scientific data analysis. Your portal to cutting-edge analytical
tools. ]
The Molecular Neuroscience MSc @ Bristol - The full-time molecular neuroscience MSc aims to provide training in the neurosciences as they relate to the regulation of the physiologic function and behaviour of the organism.
Meta Description: [ The Bristol University Research Centre for Neuroendocrinology (URCN) is a multi-disciplinary research centre with interests from the most basic molecular biology to clinical endocrinology. ]
The Neurosciences Institute - Independent scientific research institution dedicated to increasing knowledge of the biological basis for brain function.
Meta Description: [ The Neurosciences Institute is an independent scientific research institution dedicated to increasing our knowledge of the biological bases of higher-level brain functions. The NSI aspires to become the world's premier center for the interdisciplinary study of brain functions and the brain's cent... ]
Tulane Graduate Neuroscience Program - Provides details of staff and research projects.
UCSF Graduate Program in Neuroscience - The University of California at San Francisco offers an interdisciplinary program for graduate training in neuroscience.
UKU Neuroscience - Department of Neuroscience and Neurology at the University of Kuopio in Finland.
Meta Description: [ UKU Department of Neuroscience and Neurology ]
University of Auckland. Neurophysiology Studies - Research groups include Auditory Neuroscience; Molecular Neurophysiology; Confocal and Multiphoton Imaging Group; Molecular Vision group, etc.
University of Miami Neuroscience Graduate Program - The program emphasizes cellular, molecular, and integrative approaches to neurobiology. Research interests includes behavioral neurobiology, neurological disorders, sensory neurobiology, and synapses
Visual Information Processing Group - Research in the area of representation, analysis, recognition, storage and retrieval of visual information such as images, video and audio.
Washington University Program in Neuroscience - The Program includes research aiming to understand how the brain works, develops, and how it malfunctions in disease.
Meta Description: [ Home Page of the Program in Neuroscience at Washington University in St. Louis. Offering outstanding graduate neuroscience education for Ph.D. students and exciting research opportunities for postdoctoral scientists. ]
| EU institutions | |
| Next Video | |
