Gourt > Science > Biology > Microbiology > Virology (1)
Virology, often considered a part of microbiology or of pathology, is the study of biological viruses: their structure and classification, their ways to infect and exploit cells to reproduce and cause disease, the techniques to isolate and culture them, and their potential uses in research and therapy. A researcher in virology is a virologist.
Virus structure and classification
A major branch of virology is virus classification. Viruses can be classified according to the host cell they infect: animal viruses, plant viruses, fungal viruses, and bacteriophages (viruses infecting bacteria, which include the most complex viruses). Another classification uses the geometrical shape of their capsid (often a helix or an icosahedron) or the virus' structure (e.g. presence or absence of a lipid envelope). Viruses range in size from about 30 nm to about 450 nm, which means that most of them cannot be seen with light microscopes. The shape and structure of viruses can be studied with electron microscopy, with NMR spectroscopy, and most importantly with X-ray crystallography.
The most useful and most widely used classification system distinguishes viruses according to the type of nucleic acid they use as genetic material and the viral replication method they employ to coax host cells into producing more viruses:
- DNA viruses (divided into double-stranded DNA viruses and the much less common single-stranded DNA viruses),
- RNA viruses (divided into positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses, negative-sense single-stranded RNA viruses and the much less common double-stranded RNA viruses),
- reverse transcribing viruses (double-stranded reverse-transcribing DNA viruses and single-stranded reverse-transcribing RNA viruses including retroviruses).
Immune Disorders
Viral Diseases
Microbiology
Viruses :: Flora and Fauna
Theoretical Biology :: Biology
A Neuroscientist/Virology Researcher speaks out: Swine Flu â One of the Most Massive Cover-ups in American History http://bit.ly/3ZHnhA
davidhust (David Hust) Sat, 07 Nov 2009 01:54:46 -0000
A Neuroscientist/Virology Researcher speaks out: Swine Flu — One of the Most Massive Cover-ups in American History http://bit.ly/3ZHnhA
I Love Virology Pinback Buttons by definingyou http://su.pr/74SYdP ~ Heart design for science teachers, biologists, students...
annaleeblysse (annaleeblysse) Fri, 06 Nov 2009 22:08:18 -0000
I Love Virology Pinback Buttons by definingyou http://su.pr/74SYdP ~ Heart design for science teachers, biologists, students...
Easiest virology lab ever!
Ry_holio (Ryan Oliver) Fri, 06 Nov 2009 20:40:23 -0000
Easiest virology lab ever!
MSII - Parasitology/Virology exam scores are posted. Please complete your evaluation if you have already not done so.
MedScope (MedScope) Fri, 06 Nov 2009 19:07:05 -0000
MSII - Parasitology/Virology exam scores are posted. Please complete your evaluation if you have already not done so.
RT @profvrr: Is yearly influenza vaccination of children a bad idea? http://bit.ly/1CePrX at virology blog #h1n1 #swineflu
cupton1 (Chris Upton) Fri, 06 Nov 2009 18:41:27 -0000
RT @profvrr: Is yearly influenza vaccination of children a bad idea? http://bit.ly/1CePrX at virology blog #h1n1 #swineflu
Journal of Medical Virology: study compared 20 rapid antigen assays for ability to detect influenza, incl H1N1 http://tinyurl.com/ygmfmgo
Wiley_Medical (Wiley Medical) Fri, 06 Nov 2009 16:59:06 -0000
Journal of Medical Virology: study compared 20 rapid antigen assays for ability to detect influenza, incl H1N1 http://tinyurl.com/ygmfmgo
All the Virology on the WWW - Comprehensive links to virology information, collection of virus pictures, virology bookshop, jobs, and course notes.
Meta Description: [ All the Virology on the WWW is the best site on the net to find information about viruses, virology, microbiology and infectious disease. This comprehensive index site has information for virologists, students, patients, and much more. ]
Biotechnology Laboratory - Viral diagnostics, identification, and interaction with plant organisms.
A New Germ Theory - The dictates of evolution virtually demand that the causes of some of humanity's chronic and most baffling noninfectious illnesses will turn out to be pathogens -- that is the radical view of a prominent evolutionary biologist.
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American Society for Virology - A forum for investigators of human, animal, insect, plant, fungal, and bacterial viruses, whether the research involves clinical, ecological, biological, or biochemical approaches.
Baculovirus.com - Technical knowledge, information, newsgroup, helpful in using the Baculovirus expression vector system and insect cell expression.
Meta Description: [ Baculovirus.com is a website dedicated to distributing technical knowledge helpful in using the Baculovirus Expression Vector System and insect cell expression systems in general. ]
Chicken Flu - Recombinant Genes on the Loose - Information regarding viral genes, replication, and strain evolution.
Meta Description: [ Learn all about 'chicken flu' and infleunza. Also, viruses and immune system. Virus evolution, diseases and structure ]
Electron Microscopic Virus Diagnosis - Principles of electron microscopy to detect and diagnose viruses.
Meta Description: [ Der Internetauftritt des Robert Koch-Instituts bietet seit 1997 Informationen aus den Arbeitsbereichen des Instituts an. Nach umfangreicher Überarbeitung der Seiten ist das Institut seit Februar 2005 mit neuem Layout und neuer Menueführung im Internet vertreten. ]
GeneJohnson Inc. - HIV genomic data storage and analysis systems. HIVBase allows one to organize HIV sequence data, perform complex statistical analysis, and collaborate data all in one program.
Hepadnavirus Testing, Inc. - The site describes the services provided by Hepadnavirus Testing, Inc., which uses HBV and DHBV to evaluate disinfectants, inactivation processes, and antiviral drugs for the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries.
Meta Description: [ This site describes the services provided by Hepadnavirus Testing, Inc. which includes laboratory testing using hepatitis B virus and duck hepatitis B virus ]
Hidden Killers--Deadly Viruses - Basics about viruses, our bodies' immune systems, information about specific viruses, and how these 'hidden killers' could potentially be used as bio-weapons. There are also weekly/bi-weekly feature articles on various facets that involve viruses.
HIV Sequence Database - Collection HIV and related genetic sequence data and computer analyses - from the Los Alamos Natl. Lab.
Meta Description: [
The HIV Databases cover HIV sequences, HIV molecular immunology, HIV drug resistance mutations and nonhuman primate HIV/SIV vaccine trials. Each of these topics are available through a dedicated database, extensively annotated and with many specialized search and analysis tools. The HIV database... ]
Introduction To Molecular Virology - Prepared by Virologist Ed Rybicki of the Department of Microbiology at the University of Cape Town, South Africa.
Journal of General Virology - Archive of downloadable PDF virus journals.
Meta Description: [ JGV Direct is a web-based service for rapid publication of JGV papers. Accepted papers, considered by the Editors to be of special importance, are published on this site within days of acceptance. The papers are in HTML format, with all figures and tables. All papers published in JGV Direct subse... ]
Medical Virology - Scientific findings, clinical therapies research, and public health aspects on viruses of medical importance.
Multiplex EU-project - Development, standardisation and harmonisation of novel multiplex nucleic acid tests for the detection of economically important viruses of farm animals.
Meta Description: [ Development, standardisation and harmonisation of novel multiplex nucleic acid tests for the detection of economically important viruses of farm animals. Project No.: QLK2-CT-2000-00486 ]
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Paramyxoviruses - Taxonomy, morphology, and pathogenesis of a paramyxovirus.
Meta Description: [ Paramyxoviruses ]
Peixuan Guo - Research on mechanism of viral assembly, DNA packaging, molecular vaccines, antiviral therapy, gene delivery, and chimerical virus displaying antigens or antibodies.
Plant Virology - Introduction to virus structure, transmission, and transport.
Plant Virus GenBank - Journals, genomes, and sequences of plant viruses.
Poxvirus Bioinformatics Resource - The Poxvirus Bioinformatics Resource Center has been established to provide resources to the scientific community for basic research and to facilitate the development of novel antiviral therapies and vaccines against human orthopoxvirus infections as well as approaches for environmental detection of virions and the rapid diagnosis of disease.
Przyrodnik - Reproduction, family, and profiles of viruses. Includes links to image databases and publications.
Meta Description: [ The virus is comparatively small pathogen built with one type of nucleic acid (the DNA or RNA, though the viruses are, which they in their life cycle cross by phase the DNA as well as RNA). They are then particle which can not grow in numbers on artificial sbasis. ]
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Seminars in Virology - Review journal dedicated to keeping scientists informed of developments in the field of virology on a topic by topic basis.
The Garry Laboratory - Information about research in the laboratory of Robert F. Garry at Tulane University School of Medicine. Includes links to publications and external sites.
The Journal of Virology Online - Online version of the Journal of Virology, the premier journal for peer-reviewed papers on virology research.
The Molecules of HIV - The life cycle, immune response, and schematic diagram of the human immuno-deficiency virus.
The Phage Phorum - A place to find general information regarding biophages and an open discussion of topics related to biophages.
Meta Description: [ A forum for discussing bacteriophages ]
UK Clinical Virology Network - News, clinical tests, and current viruses in circulation.
Veterinary Virology - Lecture presentation on the replication of viruses within animals cells.
Viper - Virus Particle Explorer - Descriptions of icosahedral virus capsid structures, along with structural and computational analysis.
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Viral Replication - The attachment, entry, and expression of viral genomic material in host cells.
Viral Replication - Description of the hepatitis virus replication process.
Meta Description: [ This public health awareness site, hosted by Dr. C. Everett Koop, provides extensive information about hepatitis C and the hepatitis c epidemic. Hepatitis C is a life-threatening, blood borne disease of the liver that is far more easily transmitted than HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. ]
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Virology - This journal publishes the results of basic research in all branches of virology, including the viruses of vertebrates and invertebrates, plants, bacteria, and yeasts/fungi.
Virology Down Under - An Australian based portal and educational site providing links and info on human viruses and related areas of science.
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Virus Databases Online - A comprehensive index of viruses. Includes detailed descriptions on many viruses. It is also called The International Viral Database as approved by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses.
Virus International - A directory of resources, literature, societies and events concerning viruses provided by Elsevier Science.
Virus Ultrastructure - This page is designed primarily as an introductory manual for students of virology,but anyone who is interested is invited to take a brief peep at some of the inhabitants of the microbial Lilliput Land.
Virusys Corporation - Specialists in the design and manufacture of virus related antibodies and antigens. A full range of laboratory services is available that includes infectious dose determination, viral protein purification and custom antibody production.
Meta Description: [ The Source for Virology related Products and Services - antibodies, antigens, protein/antibody/virus production and purification. ]
Wadsworth Center - New York State Department of Health - Information and images regarding; Rabies virus, Herpes virus, Enteroviruses, Norwalk virus, Human Parvovirus B19 and Rotavirus.
Meta Description: [ As a public health laboratory, Wadsworth conducts programs in comprehensive clinical and environmental laboratory evaluation and accreditation. Among the direct analytical services performed are screening of newborns for inherited metabolic disease; diagnostic detection and reference services for... ]
What the Heck is a Virus? - Information on the appearance, activity, and protection against common virions.
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