Gourt > Science > Biology > Genetics > Eukaryotic > Plant > Genetic Modification
Genetic engineering, genetic modification (GM) and gene splicing are terms for the process of manipulating genes, usually outside the organism's normal reproductive process.
It involves the isolation, manipulation and reintroduction of DNA into cells or model organisms, usually to express a protein. The aim is to introduce new characteristics or attributes physiologically or physically, such as making a crop resistant to a herbicide, introducing a novel trait, or producing a new protein or enzyme. Examples can include the production of human insulin through the use of modified bacteria, the production of erythropoietin in Chinese Hamster Ovary cells, and the production of new types of experimental mice such as the OncoMouse (cancer mouse) for research, through genetic redesign.
Since a protein is specified by a segment of DNA called a gene, future versions of that protein can be modified by changing the gene's underlying DNA. One way to do this is to isolate the piece of DNA containing the gene, precisely cut the gene out, and then reintroduce (splice) the gene into a different DNA segment. Daniel Nathans and Hamilton Smith received the 1978 Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine for their isolation of restriction endonucleases, which are able to cut DNA at specific sites. Together with ligase, which can join fragments of DNA together, restriction enzymes formed the initial basis of recombinant DNA technology.
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Genetically Modified Food :: Genetics
RT @lindastrawberry: RT @lindastrawberry Linda Strawberry: "junk science" genetic modification and more. http://bit.ly/6XXfCE
HollywoodTricia (Tricia Evans) Wed, 09 Dec 2009 10:33:05 -0000
RT @lindastrawberry: RT @lindastrawberry Linda Strawberry: "junk science" genetic modification and more. http://bit.ly/6XXfCE
RT @lindastrawberry Linda Strawberry: "junk science" genetic modification and more. http://bit.ly/6XXfCE
lindastrawberry (lindastrawberry) Wed, 09 Dec 2009 08:45:40 -0000
RT @lindastrawberry Linda Strawberry: "junk science" genetic modification and more. http://bit.ly/6XXfCE
News: Superior Offspring Without Genetic Modification http://bit.ly/6PmgVC
biocompare (Biocompare) Wed, 09 Dec 2009 08:37:21 -0000
News: Superior Offspring Without Genetic Modification http://bit.ly/6PmgVC
RT @physorg_biology: Superior offspring without genetic modification http://tw.physorg.com/179498500
patatchi (Ted Ngai) Wed, 09 Dec 2009 05:46:15 -0000
RT @physorg_biology: Superior offspring without genetic modification http://tw.physorg.com/179498500
Superior Offspring without Genetic Modification: http://digg.com/d31CFQT?t
ZenMastersBlog (Lars Carlsson) Tue, 08 Dec 2009 21:22:04 -0000
Superior Offspring without Genetic Modification: http://digg.com/d31CFQT?t
Translation, transcription, genetic code, replication, mutation, modification, mutagens, genetic diseases, trophic levels and so on ... -.-
PhoenixAngelo (Felix Angelo C.) Tue, 08 Dec 2009 20:06:39 -0000
Translation, transcription, genetic code, replication, mutation, modification, mutagens, genetic diseases, trophic levels and so on ... -.-
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