This article is about institutions as social mechanisms. Please see Organization for formal establishments.

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Institutions are social structures and social mechanisms of social order and cooperation governing the behavior of two or more individuals. Institutions are identified with a social purpose and permanence, transcending individual human lives and intentions, and with the making and enforcing of rules governing cooperative human behavior. The term, institution, is commonly applied to customs and behavior patterns important to a society, as well as to particular formal organizations of government and public service. As structures and mechanisms of social order among humans, institutions are one of the principal objects of study in the social sciences, including sociology, political science and economics. Institutions are a central concern for law, the formal regime for political rule-making and enforcement. The creation and evolution of institutions is a primary topic for history.

Aspects of Institutions

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Although individual, formal organizations, commonly identified as "institutions," may be deliberately and intentionally created by people, the development and functioning of institutions in society in general may be regarded as an instance of emergence; that is, institutions arise, develop and function in a pattern of social self-organization, which goes beyond the conscious intentions of the individual humans involved.

As mechanisms of social cooperation, institutions are manifest in both objectively real, formal organizations, such as the U.S. Congress, the Roman Catholic Church or the Bank of England, and, also, in informal social order and organization, reflecting human psychology, culture, habits and customs. Most important institutions, considered abstractly, have both objective and subjective aspects: examples include money and marriage. The institution of money encompasses many formal organizations, including banks and government treasury departments and stock exchanges, which may be termed, "institutions," as well as subjective experiences, which guide people in their pursuit of personal economic well-being and wealth. Powerful institutions are able to imbue a paper currency with certain value, and to induce millions into cooperative production and trade in pursuit of economic ends abstractly denominated in that currency's units. The subjective experience of money is so pervasive and persuasive that economists talk of the "money illusion" and try to disabuse their students of it, in preparation for learning economic analysis.

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Institutions - Twitter Search

@whitehouse AZ can nolonger depend on our legal institutions. http://bit.ly/8mqc4a
desertmetro (az) Mon, 21 Dec 2009 19:01:25 -0000
@whitehouse AZ can nolonger depend on our legal institutions. http://bit.ly/8mqc4a
@schnaklefarg The beauty of doing it this way - no institutions needed. It's a basis for the people using "economic sanctions"
rdickerhoof (Ron Dickerhoof Jr.) Mon, 21 Dec 2009 18:59:28 -0000
@schnaklefarg The beauty of doing it this way - no institutions needed. It's a basis for the people using "economic sanctions"
Technomic predicts bakery-cafes will be in position to grow as the economy rebounds (from Restaurants & Institutions) http://bit.ly/5HQEvC
NestleLibrary (Nestlé Library) Mon, 21 Dec 2009 18:58:36 -0000
Technomic predicts bakery-cafes will be in position to grow as the economy rebounds (from Restaurants & Institutions) http://bit.ly/5HQEvC
@rdickerhoof Yes. Which institutions would support it? It requires a mass uprising. Nullification requires 34 legislatures ;)
schnaklefarg (Clemens Metternich) Mon, 21 Dec 2009 18:57:54 -0000
@rdickerhoof Yes. Which institutions would support it? It requires a mass uprising. Nullification requires 34 legislatures ;)
Too many similarities btwn Bush administration&Harper's govt. Both mock gov't & civil institutions to meet own political agenda. #cdnpoli
Essium (Francesca Anna) Mon, 21 Dec 2009 18:57:34 -0000
Too many similarities btwn Bush administration&Harper's govt. Both mock gov't & civil institutions to meet own political agenda. #cdnpoli
IBM Research Collaborates with Leading Taiwanese Institutions to Deliver Wellness-Centric ... - http://bit.ly/7jpos0 - RT
MediaTower (Media Tower) Mon, 21 Dec 2009 18:49:57 -0000
IBM Research Collaborates with Leading Taiwanese Institutions to Deliver Wellness-Centric ... - http://bit.ly/7jpos0 - RT

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