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Computer software (or simply software) is the programs and procedures that enable a computer to perform a specific task, as opposed to the physical components of the system (hardware). This includes application software such as a word processor, which enables a user to perform a task, and system software such as an operating system, which enables other software to run properly, by interfacing with hardware and with other software.
The term "software" was first used in this sense by John W. Tukey in 1957. In computer science and software engineering, computer software is all information processed by computer systems, programs and data. The concept of reading different sequences of instructions into the memory of a device to control computations was invented by Charles Babbage as part of his difference engine. The theory that is the basis for most modern software was first proposed by Alan Turing in his 1935 essay Computable numbers with an application to the Entscheidungsproblem. Hally, Mike (2005:79). Electronic brains/Stories from the dawn of the computer age. British Broadcasting Corporation and Granta Books, London. ISBN 1-86-207663-4.
Relationship to hardware
Computer software is so called in contrast to computer hardware, which encompasses the physical interconnections and devices required to store and execute (or run) the software. In computers, software is loaded into RAM and executed in the central processing unit. At the lowest level, software consists of a machine language specific to an individual processor. A machine language consists of groups of binary values signifying processor instructions (object code), which change the state of the computer from its preceding state. Software is an ordered sequence of instructions for changing the state of the computer hardware in a particular sequence. It is generally written in high-level programming languages that are easier and more efficient for humans to use (closer to natural language) than machine language. High-level languages are compiled or interpreted into machine language object code. Software may also be written in an assembly language, essentially, a mnemonic representation of a machine language using a natural language alphabet. Assembly language must be assembled into object code via an assembler. More on [ Computer software ]
Software :: Data Acquisition and Control
Companies :: Bioinformatics
Software :: Biology
Software :: Chemistry
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Just upgraded to Adobe CS4 Production Premium, supporting US software, hopefully Adobe can rehire the recently lost talent back :-)
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Argo - Software developed by the Broad Institute for visualizing and manually annotating whole genomes. Free for research and educational users
BioKin, Ltd. - Offers script-driven programming for data analysis in viral dynamics, enzyme kinetics, receptor binding and drug discovery screening. Includes demo download, technical support and contacts for consulting in Pullman, Washington.
Blue Tractor Software - Java based commercial software for DNA and Protein sequence analysis. Demo available.
Meta Description: [ Blue Tractor Software Ltd - suppliers of DNADynamo sequence analysis software for PC, Mac OSX and Linux. Perform abi/scf trace alignments, restriction site analysis, blast/sequence retrieval, annotation, cloning and plasmid map production in one integrated and easy to use bioinformatics program. ... ]
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Cognia - Provides tools research analysis in genomics, signal transduction and molecular biology.
Meta Description: [ Cognia: Effective and Intuitive Life Sciences information solutions ]
DNA Sequencing Software - software to improve the quality of DNA sequencing traces collected on the ABI 3700 and 3730 DNA sequencers.
Meta Description: [ DNA sequencing services, DNA sequencing software & reagents to improve ABI3700, ABI3100 & ABI3730 DNA sequencers ]
DoMix Scientific Software - Offers software for sequence alignment, phylogenetic tree visualization, contig assembly and sequence proof reading
Meta Description: [ We offer professional digital DNA analyses and services for the identification of organisms, determination of pathogens and documentation of genetic relatedness: sequence assembly, alignment, cluster analyses, cladistics, publication ready graphics, fingerprint analyses, AFLP, RFLP, RAPD. ]
eLABorate Packages - Programs designed as educational exercise for planning experiments in enzyme kinetics, protein-ligand binding, protein purification and related projects from the University of York, UK.
EnzymeX - Free MacOS X program for molecular biologists that can be used to determine which restriction enzymes cut a DNA sequence. Includes list of all commercially available RE.
Meta Description: [ EnzymeX is a program for molecular biologists from Mek&Tosj that helps molecular biologists determine which restriction enzymes they should use to cut their DNA of interest. ]
FinchTV - Free DNA sequencing chromatogram trace viewer. Runs on Window, MacOS X, Linux Solaris. Uses QT library.
Insilico Biotechnology - Offering predictive software tools and services for metabolic engineering and drug discovery. Based in Germany.
Meta Description: [ Insilico predicts and optimizes cellular processes for the Life Sciences industries by building computational models of living cells. ]
JaMBW - Java based biologist's workbench by Luca I.G.Toldo.
Mekentosj software - Free MacOS X programs for molecular biologists. Offers 4Peaks - a DNA sequencing trace viewer, iRNAi - RNAi design, and LabAssistant - lab timer/organizer.
Meta Description: [ Mek&Tosj make programs that help molecular biologists in their daily life in the lab. ]
Molecular Biology Software Links - Links to biological software for DNA sequencing, molecule modeling, polymerase chain reaction and taxonomy.
Meta Description: [ Essential Tools and Resources for Molecular Biology and Biochemistry on the Internet. ]
Phenosystems - Offers the Gensearch software to locate and analyse potential mutation locations.
Meta Description: [ PhenoSystems is a software company developping user friendly tools for molecular biology and participates in various european research projects ]
QualTrace DNA Sequencing Software - Analyzes the raw data contained within ABI trace files to identify nine major problems with either the sequencing reactions or the DNA sequencing instrument.
Meta Description: [ DNA sequencing software designed for production quality control monitoring in high throughput genomics centers and core DNA sequencing facilities ]
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Rutgers Online Software Exchange - Offers free open source molecular biology software developed by scientists at Rutgers University, New Jersey.
SoftZymics - Package for statistical analysis of steady-state enzyme kinetic data, and presentation graphics, for Macintosh or Windows based computers. Previews, price and form to order from Princeton, NJ.
Meta Description: [ Scientific software for enzymology, statistics, graphics, enzyme kinetic nonlinear regression, least squares, levenberg-marquart robust fitting, weighted fitting, inhibition analysis, ANOVA, lineweaver-burk and scatchard transforms, global fitting, and publication layouts. ]
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