In molecular biology, real-time polymerase chain reaction, also called quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (QRT-PCR) or kinetic polymerase chain reaction, is a laboratory technique used to simultaneously quantify and amplify a specific part of a given DNA molecule. It is used to determine whether or not a specific sequence is present in the sample; and if it is present, the number of copies in the sample. It is the real-time version of quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR), itself a modification of polymerase chain reaction.
The procedure follows the general pattern of polymerase chain reaction, but the DNA is quantified after each round of amplification; this is the "real-time" aspect of it. Two common methods of quantification are the use of fluorescent dyes that intercalate with double-strand DNA, and modified DNA oligonucleotide probes that fluoresce when hybridized with a complementary DNA.
Frequently, real-time polymerase chain reaction is combined with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction to quantify low abundance messenger RNA (mRNA), enabling a researcher to quantify relative gene expression at a particular time, or in a particular cell or tissue type.
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Biolytix AG - Commercial laboratory in Witterswil, Switzerland, makes real-time quantitative PCR mainly for the tobacco, food and pharmaceutical industries, research institutes and universities.
Meta Description: [ Biolytix AG-Molecular biological analyses (GMO analyses, gene expression studies, genetic monitoring, allelic discrimination, TaqMan -PCR assay development, nucleic acid extraction, consulting in transgenic technology) ]
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Exiquone Real Time PCR Probe Library - Uses 90 real-time PCR probes designed and pre-validated to provide transcriptome-wide coverage for specific organisms.
Meta Description: [ Real-time PCR ]
Fluoresentric - Offers to develop real-time PCR assays for universities, clinical laboratories and pharmaceutical companies.
Meta Description: [ Custom ready-to-use genetic tests for genotyping, expression analysis, and quantification. Fluoresentric specializes in the design, optimization, and manufacturing of custom genetic tests ]
Functional Genomics Core - The institute provides researchers a possibility to perform microarray experiments with real time PCR. University of North Carolina, USA.
Gene Quantification and real-time PCR or kinetic RT-PCR - News- and overview site on technical aspects of gene expression analysis with real-time RT-PCR and competitive RT-PCR from the Technical University of Munich, Germany
Meta Description: [ Main focus of GENE QUANTIFICATION web page is to describe and summarize all technical aspects involved in quantitative gene expression analysis using real-time RT-PCR and competitive RT-PCR. It illustrates the usefulness of absolute and relative quantification assays in real-time PCR and real-tim... ]
Multid Analyses - Commercializes software package to analyse real time PCR data.
Meta Description: [ MultiD Analyses AB develops DATAN software for analysis of multidimensional spectroscopic data, such as absorption, UV/VIS, fluorescence, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) spectra and confocal spectroscopy images. Using DATAN it is possible to determine the number... ]
PrimerBank - PrimerBank is a public database for PCR primers for gene expression detection or quantification (real-time PCR). PrimerBank contains about 180,000 primers covering most known human and mouse genes.
Meta Description: [ CCIB DNA Core ]
Real Time PCR Primer Sets - Database of validated primer sets and other resources for quantitative real time PCR.
Meta Description: [ Database of real time PCR primer sets for quantitative PCR ]
Real Time PCR Solutions - Methods for real time PCR assay validation and primer design, using icyclerIQ hardware and beacon designer software are described.
Meta Description: [ Expert Real Time PCR gene detection kits, for any target gene sequence “on demand”. EXPECT BETTER REAL TIME PCR DATA. Professional primer design and scientific assay validation. Real time PCR virus pathogen detection kits with copy number standard curve and internal PCR control. Housekeeping ge... ]
Real-Time PCR - Overview by MT Dorak, University of Alabama at Birmingham, US
Real-time PCR Goes Prime Time - Tutorial from Ambion, a manufacturer of reagents.
Meta Description: [ An overview of real-time PCR assays used for quantitative RT-PCR which combine the best attributes of both relative and competitive (end-point) RT-PCR. ]
TATAA Biocenter - Provider of products, services and courses in real-time PCR, in Gothenburg, Sweden.
Meta Description: [ Tataa Biocenter, courses in qpuc q-rtpcr and selling products and services ]
The Usefulness of Quantitative Real-Time PCR in Immunogenetics (PDF file) - Quantitative determination by studying the kinetics of DNA formation, by M Provenzano, CR Rossi, S Mocellin, NIH, USA.
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