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Most stars are of almost constant luminosity. Our own Sun is a good example of one which goes through relatively little variation in brightness (usually about 0.1% over an 11 year solar cycle). Many stars, however, undergo significant variations in luminosity, and these are known as variable stars.

Broadly speaking, variable stars are of two types:

  • stars that are intrinsically variable, that is, their luminosity actually changes, for example because the star periodically swells and shrinks;
  • eclipsing and rotating variables, where the apparent changes in brightness are a perspective effect.

Discovery history


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A Ritzian Interpretation of Variable Stars - A study on the nature of the speed of light in space using light curves and spectroscopic observations of variable stars as evidence.
Meta Description: [ Research into the nature of the speed of light in space using observations of variable stars as evidence ]

American Association of Variable Star Observers - The largest organization for variable stars: provides professional and amateur collaboration, research, and analysis of variable star observations.
Meta Description: [ The American Association of Variable Star Observers: Professional and Amateur collection, research, and analyses of variable star observations. ]

Astronomical Society of South Australia - ASSA's variable star group. News, FAQ, charts, and software.
Meta Description: [ Watch a variable for a change! ]

Astronomy On-Line - Collaborative Project aimed at getting new people involved in variable star observing.
Meta Description: [ ESO is the European Organisation for Astronomical Research in the Southern Hemisphere. It operates the La Silla Paranal Observatory in Chile and has its headquarters in Garching, near Munich, Germany. ]

404 Brigham Young University Variable Star Database - Currently contains 311 stars which have been classified as Delta Scutis or Gamma Doradus in some published source.

404 Free Virtual Galaxy Project - By Jim Smith's. Purpose is to provide a zero cost, interactive 3D virtual reality system.

General Catalog of Variable Stars Research Group - Research group working on the GCVS, Sternberg Astronomical Institute, Moscow, Russia. Includes catalogs and publications.

Information Bulletin on Variable Stars - The IBVS is a bulletin of Commissions 27 and 42 of the International Astronomical Union, published by Konkoly Observatory, Budapest, Hungary.

Skyandtelescope.com - Variable Stars - Observing variable stars.
Meta Description: [ Sky & Telescope, the Essential Magazine of Astronomy. News, observing tips, how-to advice, and more! ]

The Cepheid Distance Scale: A History - A critical review of the Cepheid distance scale, from its inception, to the Hipparcos mission and beyond.
Meta Description: [ A critical review of the Cepheid distance scale, from its inception to the Hipparcos mission and beyond ]

The Minima of Algol - An article by Alan MacRobert from Sky and Telescope Magazine about the star Algol (Beta Persei) was the first eclipsing variable star ever discovered.
Meta Description: [ Now you can calculate the dates and times (local and Universal Times) when the eclipsing variable star Algol should be at its dimmest (magnitude 3.4 instead of its usual 2.1).
]

The Top Twelve Naked-Eye Variable Stars - An article by John Isles from Sky and Telescope Magazine.
Meta Description: [ Lurking in the seemingly changeless constellations are a few inconstant stars that pulse and eclipse. Here are a dozen variables that are easy to observe. ]

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Variable stars are stars that change brightness. The brightness changes of these stars can range from a thousandth of a ...
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