The Fermi Paradox is an apparent contradiction between high estimates of the probability of the existence of extraterrestrial civilizations and the lack of evidence for or contact with such civilizations.
The extreme age of the universe and its vast number of stars suggest that extraterrestrial life should be common. Considering this with colleagues over lunch in 1950, the physicist Enrico Fermi is said to have asked: "Where are they?" Fermi questioned why, if a multitude of advanced extraterrestrial civilizations exist in the Milky Way galaxy, evidence such as probes, spacecraft or radio transmissions has not been found. The simple question "Where are they?" (alternatively, "Where is everybody?") is possibly apocryphal but Fermi is widely credited with simplifying and clarifying the problem of the probability of extraterrestrial life.
There have been attempts to resolve the Fermi Paradox by locating evidence of extraterrestrial civilizations, along with proposals that such life could exist without human knowledge. Counterarguments suggest that intelligent extraterrestrial life does not exist or occurs so rarely that humans will never make contact with it. The belief that the lack of evidence conclusively demonstrates the non-existence of extraterrestrial civilizations is known as the Fermi principle.
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Fermi Paradox/Drake Equation - Drake's equation attempts to estimate the number N of currently extant civilizations in our galaxy that would be able to contact each other.
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Fermi's Paradox - Summary and a few probability calculations.
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Fermi's Paradox - Lecture notes from a college cosmology course.
Fermi's Paradox and the Preparation for Contact Hypothesis - Suggests that aliens might be preparing mankind for the eventuality of meeting species from other worlds.
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Fermi's Paradox II: What's Blocking Galactic Civilization? Or Are We Just Blind To It? - Article asking, Could galactic empires exist? and What is keeping advanced extraterrestrials from claiming every star system in sight?
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Fermi's Paradox, The Great Silence, and The Singularity - Long article discussing the implications of what is known so far about other life in the universe.
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Our Galaxy Should Be Teeming With Civilizations, But Where Are They? - Article discussing Fermi's Paradox and its implications.
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The Drake Equation - Describes the famous formula for estimating the number and character of alien civilizations within the galaxy. Includes an online form that calculates your numbers.
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The Possibilities of FTL: Or Fermi's Paradox Reconsidered - Discusses some of the logic behind arguments for and against humans being alone in the universe.
UFO Evidence : Fermi's Paradox - Links to articles and documents explaining or discussing the paradox.
Wikipedia - Fermi Paradox - Encyclopedia article summarizing the concept.
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