Astronomy (Greek: αστρονομία = άστρον + νόμος, astronomia = astron + nomos, literally, "law of the stars") is the science of celestial objects (e.g., stars, planets, comets, and galaxies) and phenomena that originate outside the Earth's atmosphere (e.g., auroras and cosmic background radiation). It is concerned with the evolution, physics, chemistry, and motion of celestial objects as well as the formation and development of the universe. Astronomical observations can be used to test fundamental theories in physics, such as general relativity. Theoretical astrophysics complements observational astronomy in that it seeks to explain astronomical phenomena.
Astronomy is one of the oldest sciences. Astronomers of ancient Greece practiced a scientific methodology, and advanced observation techniques may have been known much earlier (see archaeoastronomy). Historically, amateur astronomers have contributed to many important astronomical discoveries, and astronomy is one of the few sciences where amateurs can still play an active role, especially in the discovery and observation of transient phenomena.
Modern astronomy is not to be confused with astrology, the belief system that claims human affairs are correlated with the positions of celestial objects. Although the two fields share a common origin, they are fundamentally different: astronomers employ the scientific method, whereas astrologers do not.
More on [ Astronomy ]
Alternative :: Physics
Alternative :: Relativity

An Alternative View of the Universe Idea - How do we know that there really is such a thing as the universe? Here is an analysis of the universe idea that leads to a startling conclusion.
Meta Description: [ A realistic view of the universe idea ]
Big Tube Theory (TOE) - Mass is created by a very special non-euclidean manifold.
Meta Description: [ The Big Tube and the String Theory ]
Center of the Universe Publishing - Offers the book 21st Century's all New Cosmology for sale, and a sample chapter for free download.
Meta Description: [ 21st Century's All New Cosmology - Discovery of the Center of the Universe! ]
Cosmic Commode - A proposed resolution of general relativity theory and an alternative to the Big Bang theory of cosmological creation.
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Cosmic Perspective - Book which claims to eliminate the Big Bang as a viable theory of creation.
Cosmic Queries - To persons perplexed by the cosmos. Is the space picture a hostage of the sunlight?
Meta Description: [ To persons perplexed by the cosmos. Is the space picture a hostage of the sunlight? ]
Cosmic Repulsion - Online text of a book postulating the existence of a repulsive force, to explain the observed expansion of the universe without exotic dark matter. Aimed at a popular audience.
Cosmology and Superstrings - Momentons and 10 dimensional spacetime.
Cosmology Without Big Bang - The right Hubble Law is derived to obtain a cosmology with expansion but without Big Bang. In German and English.
Meta Description: [ Beitrge zu Problemen der modernen Kosmologie ]
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Cosmos 2000 - Recent discovery of the nature of atomic particles reveals a meaning of the Universe.
Meta Description: [ Cosmology is the scientific study of the origin and structure of the Universe.
Recent discovery of the nature of atomic particles reveals a meaning of the Universe. ]
Cube Theory - This site etempts to explain the structure of the universe.
David Calder Hardy - A new theory of the origin of the solar system.
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Discovery of the Anti-Universe - A new cosmological model called the Chaos Cosmos model.
Electric cosmos - Proposes a cosmology based primarily on electrical phenomena.
Meta Description: [ Modern astronomy and cosmology ignores electricity and misinterprets redshift. ]
Exploding the Big Bang Theory - Was the Big Bang the Beginning of the Universe? Article examining this controversial situation. Readers can add their response.
Fractal Cosmology - Denies the Big Bang theory and claims that the universe is of infinitely replicated fractal structure.
Living Universe - A personal vision of the origin of the universe.
Meta Description: [ Origin of the Universe. Cosmological model that assigns character of being live to our universe. This model proposes that the Big-Bang model and the Steady-State model are complementary ]
Metrology, Minkowsky and Time - Space generates time forming the spacetime named Chronochor.
Multifractal univese - from cosmology to biology - Multimedia presentation of multifractal universe which links cosmology to biology.
Meta Description: [ multimedia presentation of multifractal universe, which links cosmology to biology. Critical phenomena, self-similarity, self-regularized system lie as the foundation of this new theory. ]
New Picture of the Universe - A universe made of one self-reproducing multiscale interaction.
Meta Description: [ Physicist, author of the book Theory
of Interaction the Simplest Explanation of Everything. Eugene Savov
offers a qualitatively new picture of the universe, life and mind ]
Personal Cosmology - A philosophical study of the Cosmos. Believing that the Cosmos has a very simple basis.
Professor Fran De Aquino's Website - Selected papers on Gravitation and Cosmology
Scale Relativity - Fractal relativity. Spacetime is non-differentiable.
Science, Metaphysics, and Reductionism - Purely from logical and scientific arguments, it can be concluded that there must have been a primary principle prior to the Big Bang
Meta Description: [ Science, metaphysics, and reductionism are used by reductionism to view science and metaphysics by reductionism to compare science and metaphysics. ]
Simple World Explanation - Best solutions for hierarchical system of matter in cosm, world formula, wave mechanics bound with relativity, chat about it, downloads of articles and cohesions
Meta Description: [ That arcusuniverse - not only one product of intelligence ]
The Collapse of the Universe and the Reversal of Time - Considers various possible futures for the Universe, and whether Time will reverse direction.
Meta Description: [ The possible collapse of the Universe, and whether the direction of time will reverse ]
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The Collapsing Universe - Observed phenomena explained in terms of a nonhomogeneous closed universe, with a central singularity, undergoing gravitational collapse.
The Living Cosmos - Argues that biological universe is stabilized by life and that planets, galaxies, and other objects are similar at the phenomenological level.
Meta Description: [ A new, interdisciplinary paradigm embracing the natural and physical sciences, and
history and prehistory, revealing a biological universe that is also stabilized by life ]
The New Concept of Cosmology - Based on unity of reason and unity in the nature of physical processes.
Meta Description: [ origin,solar system, magnetic field, logarithmic spiral, Trunaev, new consept, theory of cosmogony ]
The temporalist model versus the Hot Big Bang - The temporalist model is opposed to the Hot Big Bang, to the recession of the galaxies.It proposes a new interpretation of the redshifts and of the constant H of Hubble with a theoretical value of 67,71 Km/sec/Mpc established in 1962
Meta Description: [ A new interpretation of the redshifts is proposed, without Hot Big Bang,without expansion of universe,without primordial explosion,without recession of the galaxies,with a temporalist quantic constant To of 4,5546 10.17 sec is about 14,43 billion years ]
Theories of the Universe - Poses some new theories and possibilities about the development and current structure of the universe.
Meta Description: [ For new, exciting, random, and interesting theories and speculations about space, religon, life, humanity, and the world try Theories of the Universe! ]
Theory of Reciprocity - A Newtonian approach to understanding the phenomenon of existence and the nature of the cosmos.
Meta Description: [ The nature of existence. Is existence the result of cause and effect? Existence ex nihilo vs Creation ex nihilo ]
Toward Quantum Cosmology - A simple model of universe.
Meta Description: [ Babic Ladislav's works about quantum cosmology and proton decay ]
WingMakers, The Ancient Arrow Project - Introduces a new cosmology and a future vision of our universe and our purpose therein.
| Course | Modern Physics: Cosmology | |
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